ALS Lecture 2 - Axilla and Brachial Plexus DONE

Question 1

axilla is the space between the

Answer 1

ribcage and humerus

Question 2

through the space of the axilla passes

Answer 2

vessels, nerves, lymphatics

Question 3

posterior of axilla

Answer 3

scapula, subscapularis muscles

Question 4

anteriorly and superiorly part of axilla

Answer 4

clavicle, pectoral muscles

Question 5

mediolateral part of axilla

Answer 5

ribcage

Question 6

distolateral part of axilla

Answer 6

humerus

Question 7

injury to the axilla is devastating to the upper limb because

Answer 7

important structures that serve upper limb pass through axilla

Question 8

apex of axilla (triangle) is formed between

Answer 8

first rib, clavicle, superior margin of scapula

Question 9

major nerves and vessels pass over

Answer 9

first rib, through apex to enter axilla

Question 10

label the apex of the axilla

Answer 10

done

Question 11

label the cadaveric section of the axilla

Answer 11

done

Question 12

brachial plexus is wrapped around

Answer 12

axillary artery

Question 13

brachial plexus is the

Answer 13

network of nerves, sends signals from spinal cord to shoulder

Question 14

brachial plexus takes contributions from

Answer 14

C5-T1

Question 15

label the drawn diagram of the axilla

Answer 15

done

Question 16

axillary vein passes

Answer 16

under clavicle at junction of medial and middle third of clavicle

Question 17

the axillary vein is quite

Answer 17

superficial

Question 18

the subclavian artery and vein pass over

Answer 18

first rib behind clavicle

Question 19

aim the needle

Answer 19

under junction of medial and middle third clavicle horizontal to body

Question 20

we point needle horizontally so it enters the

Answer 20

subclavian vein rather than artery

Question 21

5 groups of lymph nodes that drain breast and upper limb into axillary lymphatics

Answer 21

lateral, subscapular, pectoral, central, apical

Question 22

the 5 groups of nodes are very important in breast cancer surgery as often if there has been

Answer 22

metastasis they spread here so surgeon will have to clear the nodes

Question 23

if surgeon clears the lymph nodes due to breast metastases, this can cause

Answer 23

oedema in upper limb

Question 24

brachial plexus gives

Answer 24

motor and sensation to upper limb

Question 25

roots of brachial plexus

Answer 25

C5-T1

Question 26

how many cervical vertebrae are there?

Answer 26

7

Question 27

how many cervical nerves are there?

Answer 27

8

Question 28

in cervical region we name the nerve for the vertebrae that lies

Answer 28

beneath them

Question 29

in thoracic region we name the nerve for the vertebrae that lies

Answer 29

above them

Question 30

C8 lies below the

Answer 30

seventh cervical vertebra

Question 31

trunks of the brachial plexus

Answer 31

superior, middle, inferior

Question 32

superior trunk of brachial plexus is formed by

Answer 32

C5 and C6 merging

Question 33

middle trunk of brachial plexus is formed by

Answer 33

C7

Question 34

inferior trunk of brachial plexus is formed by

Answer 34

C8 and T1 merging

Question 35

divisions of brachial plexus

Answer 35

posterior and anterior

Question 36

how does each trunk divide?

Answer 36

superior and middle have both superior halves move anteriorly and inferior has inferior half move anteriorly

Question 37

cords of the brachial plexus

Answer 37

lateral, posterior, medial

Question 38

lateral cord is made up of

Answer 38

anterior divisions of superior and middle trunks

Question 39

posterior cord is made up of

Answer 39

posterior divisions of superior, middle and inferior trunks

Question 40

medial cord is made up of

Answer 40

anterior division of inferior trunk

Question 41

label the brachial plexus

Answer 41

done

Question 42

label the brachial plexus diagram 2, including branches

Answer 42

done

Question 43

lateral cord gives rise to which branches?

Answer 43

musculocutaneous and median

Question 44

posterior cord gives rise to which branches?

Answer 44

axillary and radial

Question 45

medial cord gives rise to which branches?

Answer 45

median and ulnar

Question 46

the median nerve arises from which branches of the brachial plexus?

Answer 46

lateral and medial

Question 47

arm

Answer 47

shoulder to elbow

Question 48

forearm

Answer 48

elbow to wrist

Question 49

hand

Answer 49

below wrist

Question 50

radial nerve first supplies

Answer 50

arm extensors, triceps

Question 51

radial nerve enters forearm by

Answer 51

radial groove

Question 52

in the forearm the radial nerve supplies

Answer 52

many of extensors

Question 53

finally, superficial radial nerve supplies

Answer 53

dorsum of hand

Question 54

label the radial nerve diagram

Answer 54

done

Question 55

label the musculocutaneous nerve

Answer 55

done

Question 56

musculocutaneous nerve supplies

Answer 56

flexors/adductors of arm, coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, brachialis

Question 57

anterior divisions of nerve plexuses give rise to nerves that supply muscles that are…

Answer 57

flexors or adductors

Question 58

label the diagram of the median nerve

Answer 58

done

Question 59

in the arm, the median nerve

Answer 59

passes with no branches

Question 60

in the forearm, the median nerve supplies

Answer 60

flexor muscles

Question 61

in the hand, the median nerve supplies

Answer 61

muscles on radial aspect

Question 62

label the diagram of the ulnar nerve

Answer 62

done

Question 63

in the arm, the ulnar nerve

Answer 63

passes with no branches

Question 64

in the forearm, the ulnar nerve supplies

Answer 64

a few muscles

Question 65

in the hand, the ulnar nerve supplies

Answer 65

muscles on ulnar aspect

Question 66

label the diagram of the sensation of nerves in upper limb

Answer 66

done

Question 67

label the cutaneous innervation of the hand palmar side

Answer 67

done

Question 68

label the cutaneous innervation of the hand dorsal side

Answer 68

done

Question 69

musculocutaneous nerve gives sensory supply to

Answer 69

lateral forearm

Question 70

median nerve gives sensory supply to

Answer 70

radial side of hand - thumb, middle and half of ring finger

Question 71

ulnar nerve gives sensory supply to

Answer 71

ulnar side of hand - half of ring finer and little finger

Question 72

radial nerve gives sensory supply to

Answer 72

dorsum of hand (thumb back half)

Question 73

to test sensation of median nerve we must touch

Answer 73

tip of index and middle finger

Question 74

to test sensation of ulnar nerve we must touch

Answer 74

tip of little finger

Question 75

to test sensation of radial nerve we must touch

Answer 75

webbing between thumb and index finger back of hand

Question 76

radial nerve injury would cause

Answer 76

loss of sensation in radial area and weakness of wrist extensors so wrist drop

Question 77

label the dermatomes diagram

Answer 77

done

Question 78

dermatome is an area of skin whose sensory supply comes from

Answer 78

single nerve from spinal cord

Question 79

fill in the myotome table

Answer 79

done

Question 80

erb’s palsy is injury to

Answer 80

upper roots of brachial plexus, C5 and C6

Question 81

erb’s palsy can occur during

Answer 81

birth due to traction

Question 82

erb’s palsy results in

Answer 82

shoulder muscle paralysis so limp arm and no sensation C5 and C6

Question 83

klumpke’s paralysis is due to injury to the

Answer 83

lower roots of brachial plexus

Question 84

in klumpke’s paralysis , the main nerve affectes is

Answer 84

T1

Question 85

in klumpke’s paralysis sensation is lost in

Answer 85

medial side of forearm

Question 86

in klumpke’s paralysis motor is lost in

Answer 86

small muscles of hand so loss of hand function