Alleles & Inheritance Flashcards
What is a diploid?
2 sets of chromosomes
What do chromosomes have?
The same genes
What gender is XY?
MAN
What gender is XX?
WOMEN
What is a allele?
Different versions of the same gene
Give examples of what a allele is.
Gene = eye colour Allele = blue, green, brown
What is a dominant allele?
One copy is needed
What is a recessive allele?
Two copies are needed
What does homozygous mean?
2 copies of the same allele
What does heterozygous mean?
2 different alleles
What are phenotypes?
Physical appearance / characteristics
What does it mean if something is a genotype?
Has alleles present
What is a mutation?
A change in the sequence of bases in the genetic code
When do mutations happen?
When there is a mistake in copying DNA during cell division