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Sport > All the hard bits! > Flashcards

All the hard bits! Flashcards

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Sports Trivia flashcards
1
Q

What are the functions of the skeleton?

A 
Framework
Leverage 
Weightbearing
Protection
Blood cell production
Minerals

Fake Likes Work By Protecting Minds

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2
Q

What are the responses of the skeletal system?

A

Increase of mineral uptake
Increased production of collagen
Reduction in viscosity
Increased pliability

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3
Q

What are the adaptations of the skeletal system?

A

Increased bone density
Increased ligament strength
Increased thickness of cartilage

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4
Q

What are the three types of muscles?

A

Smooth
Cardiac
Skeletal

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5
Q

What is a smooth muscle?

A

Found in Digestive system

Unconsciously controlled by nervous system

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6
Q

What is a cardiac muscle?

A

Found in walls of the heart

Unconsciously controlled by nervous system

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7
Q

What is skeletal muscle?

A

Attached to bones

Consciously controlled

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8
Q

What are antagonist pairs?

A

When one muscle in the pair is contacting the other is relaxing

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9
Q

What is the contracting muscle called?

A

Agonist

Angry people contact their fists

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10
Q

What is the relaxing muscle called?

A

Antagonist

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11
Q

What does a synergist do?

A

Neutralises any unwanted action

Assisting the agonist muscle to preform the desired movement

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12
Q

What do fixators do?

A

Stabilise a joint

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13
Q

What is a concentric contraction?

A

When a muscle contracts and shortens

Cats are small

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14
Q

What is a eccentric contraction?

A

When a muscle contracts and lengthens

Elephants and tall

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15
Q

What is a isometric contraction?

A

No movement in the muscle

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16
Q

What is a type 1 muscle fibre?

A

Contract slowly

Long distance runners

17
Q

What is a type 2a muscle fibre?

A 
Fast twitch (not fastest)
400m
18
Q

What is a 2b fibre?

A 
Fast twitch (fastest) 
Sprinting
19
Q

What are the responses of the muscular system?

A 
Increased blood supply 
Increased muscle temperature 
Increased pliability 
Lactate accumulation
Microtears
20
Q

what are adaptations of the muscles?

A 
Mitochondria 
Improved use of energy sources 
Increased myoglobin content 
Hypertrophy 
Increased tendon strength 
Increased tolerance to lactate 
Increased energy stores 
Improved use of energy sources
21
Q

What is the pathway of oxygen going in at the nose?

A 
Nasal cavity 
Pharynx
Epiglottis
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchus
Bronchioles 
Alveoli
22
Q

What are the responses of the respiratory system?

A

Increase breathing rate

Increase tidal volume

23
Q

What are the adaptations of the respiratory system?

A

Increased strength of respiratory muscles
Increased vital capacity
Increased diffusion rate

24
Q

Explain the control of the cardiac cycle?

A

SAN= pace maker. transmits impulse and initiates heartbeat
AVN= detects electrical impulses, passed to
Bundle of his= conduct impulses in ventricle
Purkijefibers= receive impulses and contract ventricles

25
Q

What are the responses of the cardiac cycle?

A 
Anticipatory rise
Increased heart rate
Increased blood pressure
Increased cardiac output
Redirection of blood flow
26
Q

What are the adaptations of the cardiac cycle?

A 
Cardiac hypertrophy 
Stroke volume increased 
Resting heartrate decreases
Decreased heart rate recovery time
Capillarisation
Reduction in resting blood pressure
Increase in blood volume
27
Q

What are the three parts of the aerobic system?

A

Glycolysis
Krebs cycle
Electron transport chain

28
Q

What is glycolysis?

A

Breaks down pyruvate

2 ATP produced

29
Q

What is the krebs cycle?

A

Happens in mitochondria
Co2 and hydrogen is produced
Creates 2 ATP

30
Q

What is the electron transport chain?

A

Hydrogen combines with oxygen

Makes 34 ATP

31
Q

What are the adaptations of the energy system?

A 
ATP- 
Store more creatine 
Lactate-
Increased tolerance to lactic acid 
Aerobic system- 
Increased ability to use fats as fuel
Increased storage of glycogen 
Increased number of mitochondria

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