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PMCOL 200 > all drugs midterm #2 > Flashcards

all drugs midterm #2 Flashcards

for all drugs, name the receptor target, treatment/use, and type of mechanism

1
Q

propanol
type of drug?
effect?
pharmacological use?

A

beta blocker
decrease blood pressure
prophylactic migraines

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2
Q

gabapentin
type of drug?
effect?
pharmacological use?

A

anticonvulsant
block pain transmission
migraine prophylactic

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3
Q

amitriptyline
type of drug?
effect?
pharmacological use?

A

antidepressant
blocks SERT (SSRI)
prophylactic migraine

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4
Q

caffeine
target and action?
effect on vessels?

A

adenosine receptor antagonist
vasoconstriction
migraines

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5
Q 
ergotamines
site of action and mode of action? 
possible side effect?
use?
excretion?
A

5BT-1b/d agonist
coronary vasoconstriction
migraines
bile

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6
Q 
triptans 
site of action and mechanism?
what does it do to improve migraines?
what enzyme in the liver metabolizes
excretion?
A 
5-HT1b/d selective agonist
vasoconstriction and inhibition of trigeminal nerve
monoamine oxidase
urine
migraines
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7
Q

BIBN4096 Olcegepant
issues?
abandonment phase?
mechanism

A

poor bioavailability
abandoned at Phase II
CGRP antagonist
migraines

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8
Q

MK-0974 Telcagepant
issues?
abandoned at what phase?
mechanism?

A

elevation of aminotransferase
abandoned at Phase III
CGRP antagonist
migraines

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9
Q

Rimegepant (Nurtek)

mechanism?

A

CGRP antagonist

migraines

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10
Q 
Lysergamides
where do they come from?
type of hallucinogen? 
target? 
activates what in G pathway?
A

ergot alkaloids
classical hallucinogen
5HT-2a partial agonist
phospholipase A2

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11
Q

Psilocybin
site of action, mechanism and affinity
type of drug
metabolized to ___

A

5HT-2b/c high affinity, and 5HT-2a low-affinity partial agonist
prodrug
psilocin
classical hallucinogen

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12
Q

Phencyclidine
type of hallucinogen
mechanisms and sites of action

A

dissociative hallucinogen

NMDA receptor antagonist & dopamine transporter inhibitor

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13
Q

nitrous oxide
type of hallucinogen
mechanisms (3)

A

dissociative
non-competitive NMDA antagonist
stimulate the endogenous opioid release
positive allosteric modulator of GABA

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14
Q

datura stanmonium
tropane alkaloids within this plant?
mechanism
type of hallucinogens

A

scopolamine, atropine
antagonist at muscarinic cholinergic
deliriant

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15
Q

pencillin
type of antibiotic
target and action

A

cell wall inhibitor beta lactam

inhibits cell wall by inhibiting DD-transpeptidase

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16
Q 
cephalosporins 
type of antibiotic
function and mechanism
A

cell wall inhibitor betta lactam

inhibits cell wall by inhibiting DD-transpeptidase

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17
Q

vancomycin
type of antibiotic
mechanism

A

cell wall inhibitor

inhibits peptidoglycan cross linking

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18
Q

sulfonamides and trimethoprim
mode of action?
type of antibiotic?

A

resemble PABA and dihydrofolic acid

folic acid inhibitor

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19
Q

chloramphenicol and macrolides
type of antibiotic
mechanism

A

protein synthesis inhbitors

bind to 50S subunit and block transpeptidation

20
Q

tetracyclines
where do they bind
what kind of antibiotic
mechanism

A

30s subunit
protein synthesis inhibitor
prevent binding of tRNA

21
Q

aminoglycosides
type of antibiotic?
binding site?
actions

A

protein synthesis inhibtion
30s ribosomal subunit
block initiation of complex, cause misreading, inhibit translocation

22
Q

TRV250
site of action mechanism
function

A

delta-opioid receptor biased agonist
benefits without seizure liability
opioid

23
Q 
CR845 
function and site
A

kappa agonist
analgesic
opioid

24
Q 
methodone
site of action 
function and use
A

mu opioid agonist

opioid use disorder

25
Q

buprenorphine
site of action and mechanism
use

A

partial agonist at mu opioid
antagonist at kappa and delta
agonist replacement therapy

26
Q

naloxone

mechanism and sitr?

A

non-selective competitive opioid antagonist

27
Q

codeine
type of drug
metabolized by ____ into _____

A

prodrug

CYP2D6, morphine

28
Q

morphine

metabolized by___

A

UGT2B7

29
Q

beta-endorphins, enkephalins, dynorphins

type of opioid

A

endogenous opioid receptors

30
Q

THC
site and mechanism
metabolized by ____

A

partial agonist at CB1

cytochrome P450 2C9

31
Q

CBD

site of action and mechanism

A

negative allosteric modulator at CB1

32
Q

Nabilone and Dronabilone
type of drug
mechanism

A

synthetic cannabinoids

partial agonist at CB1

33
Q

nabiximols (sativex)

mixture

A

1:1 TBH anf cannabinol

34
Q

rimonabant
site of action
use

A

inverse agonist at CB1

obesity

35
Q 
AEA and 2-AG
site of action and mechanism 
where does it come from 
type of neurotransmitter
broken down by \_\_\_\_
A

CB1
endocannabinoid (made in vivo)
retrograde
FAAH and MAGL

36
Q

benzodiazepine
mechanism and site of action
what does it do to this receptor
increases potency or efficacy

A

positive allosteric modulator at GABA receptors
increases the frequency at which the GABA receptor opens
increases potency
seizure

37
Q

barbiturates
mechanism and site of action
what does it do to this receptor
increases potency or efficacy

A

positive allosteric modulator at GABA
increase duration that GABA is open
increases efficacy
seizure

38
Q

vigabatrin
what does it treat
site and mechanism

A

seizures

inhibits GABA aminotransaminase

39
Q

tiagabine
mechanism and site of action
treatment for ___

A

inhibits GABA transporter

seizures

40
Q

gabapentin

mechanism and site

A

inhibits voltage-gated Ca channels, reducing neurotransmitter release
seizures

41
Q

perampel

mechanism of action

A

non-competitive antagonist at AMPA

seizures

42
Q

reserpine
what was it used for
what did it cause and how

A

antihypertensive drug

caused depression because it depletes neurons of dopamine and norepinephrine

43
Q

ipronoazid

mechanism

A

inhibits monoamine oxidase which breaks down amines

depression

44
Q 
selective reuptake inhibitors ex) fluoxetine 
function 
mechanism of action
A

inhibit serotonin or noradrenaline transporters to increase extracellular concentration of these neurotransmitters
depression

45
Q

ketamine

site and mechanism of action

A

noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist

opioid and depression

46
Q

haloperidol
mechanism
type of antipsychotic
type of kinetics

A

D2 receptor antagonisr
first generation
fast on slow off
depression

47
Q

chlopromazine
mechanism
type of antipsychotic
Kinetic type

A

D2 receptor antagonist
frist generation
fastt on fast off

PMCOL 200 (12 decks)

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