all Flashcards
1
Q
A
2
Q
All Incisors are formed by—-developmental lobes
—– on facial, —- on lingual
A
All Incisors are formed by four developmental lobes three on facial, one on lingual
3
Q
Most dominant tooth of “smile zone”
A
Maxillary Central Incisor
4
Q
Single central incisor most challenging to restore esthetically
A
Maxillary Central Incisor
5
Q
tf max. central incisor facial surface
Crown is slightly longer incisogingivally than mesiodistally
A
T
6
Q
tf max central inc facial surface; Root is conical and straight; may incline mesially
A
F
distally
7
Q
Correct the following; max central incisor–>
Mesial outline relatively round with contact at incisal 2/3 • Distal outline straight with contact at junction of incisal and middle thirds
A
Mesial outline relatively straight with contact at incisal 1/3 • Distal outline more rounded with contact at junction of incisal and middle thirds
8
Q
max. central incisor–>Incisal edge straight with —- mamelons;
mesio-incisal angle —–, distoincisal angle more ——-
A
Incisal edge straight with 3 mamelons;
mesio-incisal angle sharp, distoincisal angle more rounded
9
Q
correct the following;
Maxillary central incisor
Two deep developmental depressions between the 4 facial lobes
A
Two shallow developmental depressions between the three facial lobes
10
Q
TF Lingual aspect of max. central incisor is narrower than facial aspect mesiodistally
A
T
11
Q
Cingulum (bulky convexity at cervical 1/3 of lingual aspect) formed by lingual developmental lobe
A
on lingual aspect of max central incisor
12
Q
TF max central incisor;
the central portion of the cingulum is typically located mesial to the center on the crown
A
F distal
13
Q
lingual fossa is created by 3 ridges in the max central incisor
A
F
4–> cingulum, mesial, distal, incisor
14
Q
TF lingual fossa of max central inc. May have developmental grooves in fossa and lingual pit
A
T
15
Q
Crown roughly triangular or wedge shaped
A
max central incisor(mesial)
16
Q
tf
max central inc –> Incisal tip and root apex lingual to bisecting line
A
Incisal tip and root apex on bisecting line
17
Q
mesial aspect of max central incisor
CEJ line curves greatly toward —-
A
CEJ line curves greatly toward incisal (
18
Q
tf incisal ridges are visible from mesial surface of max central inc.
A
T
19
Q
which is false about max central incisors from distal surface?
Shorter incisocervically than mesial
CEJ line more pronounced than mesial
Contact area more cervically positioned than mesial
A
B
CEJ line less pronounced than mesial
20
Q
Max central incisor
tf
Due to the turn of the tooth along the arch, you see more of the facial surface of the crown from the distal view. Also, the mesial marginal ridge is not visible from this view
A
t
21
Q
incisal of max central incisor
A
Roughly triangular outline
22
Q
wider mesiodistally than faciolingually
A
max central inc (incisal view)
23
Q
tf
only has max central incisor has only Distinct mesio-facial line angles
A
Distinct mesio-facial and distofacial line angles
24
Q
max lat incisors
Termed incisal —- when newly erupted (slightly rounded); after wear it becomes flattened and is termed incisal —-
A
Termed incisal ridge when newly erupted (slightly rounded); after wear it becomes flattened and is termed incisal edge
25
tf
incisal view of max central inc
The proximal contacts are in the middle of the middle third of the crown and in line with the incisal ridge
t
26
max central incisor
cingulum is positioned slightly ---- to the bisecting line which yields a slightly ---- mesial outline of the lingual surface vs. the distal
cingulum is positioned slightly distal to the bisecting line which yields a slightly longer mesial outline of the lingual surface vs. the distal
27
cervical cross section of max central incisors;
Horizontal cross-section at the ---- region shows an external ----- -------outline form
and also a ------ ------ outline form of the pulp
28
incisal view of max central incisor
1) Cingulum
2) Mesial marginal ridge
3) -------
4) Lingual fossa
1)Cingulum 2) Mesial marginal ridge 3) Distal marginal ridge 4) Lingual fossa
29
Crown to Root Ratio 1: 1 ½ of max central incisors
1;1.5
30
max central incisor
Single, -----, relatively straight; may incline ----
------ pulp canal
Single, conical, relatively straight; may incline distally
single pulp canal
31
“Peg” lateral and Sometimes congenitally missing
Maxillary Lateral Incisor
32
Sometimes congenitally missing
max lat incisors
33
Over 60% of the maxillary central incisor specimens showed ---- canals
Over 60% of the maxillary central incisor specimens showed accessory canals
34
tf max lat incisor Exhibits less curvature than central
F Exhibits more curvature than central
35
tf max lat incisor Mesial outline straighter than the distal outline
t
36
max lat incisors have --- when newly erupted
mammelons
37
correct the statement
max lat incisor--\>
More rounded incisal angles (DI \< rounded than MI)
max lat incisor--\>
More rounded incisal angles (DI \> rounded than MI)
38
tf max lat inc.--\>
Incisal edge may slope gingivally toward mesial aspect
f
Incisal edge may slope gingivally toward distal aspect
39
tf max lat incisor Shorter and narrower than central incisor
t
40
max lateral incisor --\>Root--- with --- inclination
Root conical with distal inclination
41
(narrow mesiodistally broad faciolingually
root of max lat incisor
42
Crown and root taper to the ---- in max lat incisor
Crown and root taper to the lingual
43
max lat incisor --\> less prominent cingulum and marginal ridges than central
F
More prominent cingulum and marginal ridges than central
44
Deeper lingual fossa which may have developmental grooves or lingual pit
max lat incisor
45
Most pronounced lingual anatomy of all anteriors
max lat incisor
46
lat max incisor
Root uniformly -----
Root apex usually inclines ----
Root uniformly convex
Root apex usually inclines distally
47
lat max incisor
mesial view
Wedge-shaped crown
48
Incisal ridge broader faciolingually
mesial of max lat incisor
49
mesial max lat incisor
Incisal edge is over center of tooth
50
tf mesial view of max lat incisor--\>CEJ line is more pronounced than central
CEJ line is less pronounced than central
51
tf
max lat incisor Cingulum may be slightly more convex than central
t
52
tf
distal view of max lat incisors--\>Facial contour more rounded than central
t
53
TF
Distal CEJ is less curved than mesial of max lat incisor
T
54
More ovoid crown outline form
max lat incisors
55
More convex facially and lingually than central incisor
max lat incisor
56
Marginal ridges and cingulum more prominent than central incisor
max lat incisor
57
Cingulum more centered
on max lat incisor
58
proximal contact in line in the middle of the middle third of the crown and the incisal ridge
max lat and central incisor
59
Horizontal cross-section at cervical region shows a more ---- outline form (pulp also)
Horizontal cross-section at cervical region shows a more ovoid outline form (pulp also); single root
max lat incisor
60
Wider faciolingually than mesiodistally
max lat incisor
61
Wider mesiodistally at the labial than the lingual
max lat incisor
62
developmental groove in the root of teeth that may continue apically down the root.
Radicular grooves (RGs)
63
Grooves run from the beginning of the ------- and along the root surface to the ----.
Grooves run from the beginning of the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) and along the root surface to the apex.
64
the course of the radicular grooves is ----.
the course of the grooves is straight.
65
most often located on the palatal aspect of maxillary lateral incisors,
Radicular grooves
66
radicular grooves
and rarely on the labial root surface of the central incisors.
67
distal position dominating, as it occurs in approximately 70% of cases
radicular grooves
68
promotes accumulation of difficult-to-remove plaque and calculus
radicular grooves
69
A
Histological sulcus
70
71
prognosis of pulp diseases and/or periapical inflammation
in presense of radicular grove
depends in part on the groove’s extension,
the depth of the groove,
and the relation of the groove to the pulp cavity
72
distal occlusion
retrognathic profile
73
mesial occlusion
prognathic profile
74
horizonta overlap
overjet
75
vertical overlap
overbite
76
Biological width
Epithelial attachment (0.97 mm) +
Connective tissue attachment (1.07 mm)
77
tf retrognathic profile is more prevalent than prognathic profile
T
22% vs. 6%
78
ant guidanc
Contact of maxillary incisors and mandibular incisors to guide mandible downward to create disarticulation of the posterior teeth
79
covered by enamel vs covered by cemenum
anatomic crown vs. anatomic root
80
The portion of a tooth that is above the gingival margin.
Clinical Crown
81
Narrowest and shortest of all permanent teeth
Mandibular Central Incisor
82
Mandibular Central Incisor
Crown to root ratio approaching one to one
83
single canal from crown to apex
type 1 vertuccir
84
pulp separates in two near the crown and joins back together at apex to form one root canal
type 2 vertucci classification
85
root separate into 2 distinct canals and extends to root apex separately
type 4 vertucci
86
starts as one root canal in pulp chamber and divides into 2 as it reaches apical foramen
type 3 vertucci
87
slightly larger in all dimensions than central incisor and not bilaterally symmetric
Mandibular Lateral Incisor
88
Crown is bilaterally symmetrical (mesial and distal halves are almost identical)
Mandibular Central Incisor
89
tf Mandibular Central Incisor
dont have mamelon
f
Mamelons when newly erupted
90
Mandibular Central Incisor
Incisal edge straight; ----- to long axis of tooth
Incisal edge straight; perpendicular to long axis of tooth
91
tf Mandibular Central Incisor;
round MI and DI angles
Sharp MI and DI angles (~90°)
92
tf Mandibular Central Incisor
Facial surface quite rough
F
Facial surface quite smooth
93
correct the statement
Mandibular Central Incisor Root long , straight, spherical, very wide mesiodistally
Mandibular Central Incisor Root short, straight, conical, very narrow mesiodistally
94
Relatively smooth lingual aspect of Mandibular Central Incisor
T
95
Mandibular Central Incisor--\>
Crown tapers to the lingual on lingual surface
(not root)
T
Mandibular Central Incisor--\>
Crown tapers to the lingual (not root)
96
97
max incisors have Less prominent cingulum, marginal ridges, and lingual fossa than Mandibular Central Incisor
F
Mandibular Central Incisor have
Less prominent cingulum, marginal ridges, and lingual fossa than maxillary incisors
98
Mandibular Central Incisor;
Incisal edge slightly lingual to bisecting line(mesial aspect)
T
99
Maxillary Central Incisor
triangular or wedge shaped
100
tf Mandibular Central Incisor
have Pronounced CEJ line (less than maxillary central)
t
101
S – shaped on lingual (slightly convex cingulum; slightly concave fossa)
Mandibular Central Incisor
102
Root broad faciolingually
Mandibular Central Incisor
103
Mandibular Central Incisor distal aspect
CEJ less pronounced than mesial
104
Incisal edge straight and slightly lingual to center
Mandibular Central Incisor
105
Incisal edge perpendicular to faciolingual bisecting line
Mandibular Central Incisor
106
tf mandib. facial incisor is Wider mesiodistally than
faciolingually
f
Wider faciolingually than mesiodistally
107
tf central mandib incisor have a trapezoidal shape
f
Roughly triangular crown outline form
108
tf Mandibular Central Incisor
Cingulum centered but may be slightly offset distally
T
109
Mesial and distal portions symmetrical
Mandibular Central Incisor incisal view
110
Single, short, and straight
root of Mandibular Central Incisor
111
Narrow mesiodistally
Broad faciolingually
root of
Mandibular Central Incisor
112
narrow, elongated ribbon shaped pulp
Cervical cross-section of Mandibular Central Incisor
113
tf Mandibular Central Incisor have only one pulp canal
f Often two pulp canals
| (one facial, one lingual)
114
Hour glass shape
Mandibular Central Incisor
115
Mandibular Central Incisor
Narrow mesiodistally
Broad faciolingually
116
tf Mandibular Central Incisor only have mesial root concavities
f
Mandibular Central Incisor
Usually mesial and distal root concavities
117
facial and lingual pulp canal
Mandibular Central Incisor
118
Erupts at age 7-8
Mandibular Lateral Incisor
119
tf Mandibular Lateral Incisor isnt bilat symmtericall
T
120
Tf Mandib. Central incisors slightly larger in all dimensions than Mandibular Lateral Incisor
f
Mandibular Lateral Incisor slightly larger in all dimensions
121
facial aspect of Mandibular Lateral Incisor
Incisal edge slopes gingivally toward distal
122
tf Mandibular Lateral Incisor
MI angle slightly more rounded than DI angle
Mandibular Lateral Incisor
DI angle slightly more rounded than MI angle
123
tf
Mandibular Lateral Incisor(facial view)
Mesial outline straighter than distal outline
T
124
tf
Root apex may curve mesially in Mandibular Lateral Incisor
f distally
125
Facial surface smooth and flat in the incisal 2/3
Mandibular Lateral Incisor
126
smooth surface lingual anatomy
Mandibular Lateral and central Incisor
127
Cingulum is slightly distal to the center of the crown
Mandibular Lateral Incisor
128
Crown tapers towards lingual
Mandibular Lateral Incisor
129
tf in
Mandibular Lateral Incisor
Distal marginal ridge is slightly shorter than mesial marginal ridge due to slope
t
130
CEJ line less pronounced
Mandibular Lateral Incisor\< central incisor
131
facial HOC and lingual HOC in cervical third
mandibular lateral and central incisor
132
incisal edge lingual to bisecting line(mesial aspect)
mandib. central and lat incisor
133
root broad faciolingually and concavity present on mesial surface
mandib lateral incisor
134
CEJ line less curved than mesial
Mandibular Lateral Incisor
| (distal view)
135
distal surface is shorter incisogingivally than mesial surface
Mandibular Lateral Incisor
136
Mandibular Lateral Incisor
crown is “twisted”
137
More of incisal ridge and facial surface shows from distal aspect
on Mandibular Lateral Incisor
138
deep concavity on distal surface
Mandibular Lateral Incisor
139
Root short, straight, conical, very narrow mesiodistally
Mandibular Central and lateral Incisor
140
Crown appears as if twisted at its base
Mandibular Lateral Incisor(incisal view)
141
tf
Mandibular Lateral Incisor
Incisal edge not perpendicular to faciolingual bisecting line;
F
Incisal edge not perpendicular to faciolingual bisecting line;
142
distal aspect of incisal edge more lingually positioned in
Mandibular Lateral Incisor
143
Mandibular Lateral Incisor
Cingulum more noticeably displaced toward the distal
144
central incisor root; may incline distally
root of Mandibular Lateral Incisor
145
May have shallower root concavities on mesial and distal
Mandibular Lateral Incisor
146
Mandibular Lateral Incisor
cervical cross section
longer faciolingualy than distal mesially
147
148
canine
longest teeth in mouth
149
Transitional form (and function) between incisors and premolars
Maxillary Canine
150
Four Developmental Lobes (3F/1L)
canines
151
longest teeth
canines
152
crown to root ratio of canine
1;2
153
tf canines have
smaller crown than incisors
f
fCrown longer than incisors
154
Last tooth to be lost generally
max canine
155
Transitional form and function
mandib canine
156
Four Developmental Lobes
mandib canine
157
roots curve
distally(canine)
158
tf in canines distal crown contours are usually less rounded than the mesial
f
distal crown contours are usually more rounded than the mesial
159
tf canine distal contact areas appear more gingivally positioned
t
160
tf max canine
## Footnote
Cusp tip in line with center of crown but mesial to center of the root
f
Cusp tip in line with center of root but mesial to center of the crown
161
max canine(facial)
concave b/n cervical line and contact area
162
tf max canine--\>Mesial cusp ridge (slope) is shorter than the distal
t
163
longer and Central sl. wider M-D
than incisors
max canine
164
slightly convex vs. very convex
Mesial vs distal
max canine
165
concavity on
distal max canine
166
tf--\> max canine--\>Prominent facial ridge (middle lobe) sl. distal to center
f
## Footnote
Prominent facial ridge (middle lobe) sl. mesial to center
167
longest root of any tooth
max canine
168
distal outline straighter than mesial outline
max canine
169
max canine
apical third--slight distal inclination
170
max canine
smooth convex facial surface
171
Lingual of max canine
sinculum and 2 marginal ridge
172
tf ML fossa larger than the DL fossa in max canine
F
## Footnote
ML fossa (smaller) and DL fossa (larger)
173
tf max canine has a Lingual ridge extending from cingulum to cusp tip;
t
174
TF Lingual aspects of max canine crown and root narrower than facial mesiodistally
T
175
CEJ line may be flattened or straight instead of uniformly convex in cingulum area
max canine
176
max canine
mesial marginal ridge
distal marginal ridge
177
max canine
incisal ridge
lingual ridge
singula
178
wedge shape
mesial from maxillary canine side
179
max canine mesial aspect
slightly rounded to flat
--\> labial outline from HOC 2 incisal
180
max canine
(Lingual)
convex at cingulum
181
CEJ curves evenly towards incisal
mesial aspect of max canine
182
tf max canine Cusp tip sl. lingual to center of crown
Cusp tip sl. facial to center of crown
183
tf there is no depression on max canine mesial aspect
T
184
faciolingually in cervical 2/3
max canine on mesial side
185
tf max canine CEJ line less curved mesial than distally
f
## Footnote
CEJ line less curved distally than mesial
186
Marked depression in middle third of crown
max canine distal side
187
tf max canine incisal form is symtrical
Outline form of max canine is not symmetrical
mesial half is flat and broad faciolingually; distal half is highly convex and narrow
188
mesial and facial--\>
cusp tip of max canine
189
tf mesiodistally \> facialingually of max canine
F
facialingually \> mesiodistally
190
tf developmental depressions between 2 lobes on max canine
F
## Footnote
between 3 lobes
191
Mesial outline smoothly convex; distal outline exhibits distinct prominence
max canine(incisal view)
192
max canine display Proximal contacts, cusp slopes, and cusp tip on------ line
Proximal contacts, cusp slopes, and cusp tip on straight line
193
Cingulum is prominent and centered ------
Cingulum is prominent and centered mesiodistally
194
tf max canine has a Facial ridge is prominent;distal to center of crown
Facial ridge is prominent; mesial to center of crown
195
max canine have
distinct fossa and marginal ridge
196
Longest root of all teeth
max canine
197
max canine root
Generally wider faciolingually than mesiodistally
198
tf max canine has a single pulp canal
T
199
max canine
## Footnote
has a root;Apical third may incline mesially
and have Possible bifurcation
has a root;Apical third may incline distally
and have Possible bifurcation
200
max canine
shallow developmental depressions proximally
201
tf
Only distal root depressions prominent on Max canine
Mesial and distal root depressions prominent
202
max canine;
Root canal is wide faciolingually and narrow mesiodistally
203
Last tooth to be lost generally
mand canine
204
2nd largest tooth in mouth
mand canine
205
tf mandib canineis wider than max canine
F
mandib canine is narrower
206
round to straight;
distal crown ; mesial crown of mand canine
207
correct the following
Mesial cusp ridge (slope)longer and less horizontal than distal slope(mand canine)
Mesial cusp ridge (slope) shorter and more horizontal than distal slope
208
crowns of mand canine
tilted distally with respect to long axis of tooth
209
mandib canine; Cusp tip in line with
center of root
210
mandib canine --\> Prominent facial ridge
with two adjacent developmental depressions
211
tf mandib canine have a round root apex
f
sharp inclining distally
212
mandib canine
## Footnote
Lingual surface rough and
irregular
Lingual surface smooth and
regular
(mandib canine)
213
tf
mandib canine--\>more prominent Cingulum, marginal ridges, lingual ridge, and fossaethan max canine
F
less prominent
214
tf Crown and root of mandib canine taper to the lingual
T
215
tf mandib canine have Mesial and distal root developmental depressions
t
216
mesial and distal fossa separated by
lingual ridge in mandib canine
217
tf mandib canine have 4 ridges on lingual
f 5
Incisal Ridge (Cusp tip with M and D marginal ridges)
Mesial marginal ridge
Distal marginal ridge
Cingulum
Lingual ridge
218
tf mandib canine have more labial (facial) curvature than maxillary canine
f
mandib canine have Less labial (facial) curvature than maxillary canine
219
tf mandib canine have a more pronounced lingual profile
less pronounced
220
narrow faciolingually than max canine
mesial max canine
221
mand canine (mesial aspect)--\>Cusp tip slightly ---- to bisecting line
mand canine (mesial aspect)--\>Cusp tip slightly lingual to bisecting line
222
tf mand canine contain no
mesial root depression
223
tf on mesial aspect of mandib canine no distal marginal ridge is visible
Some of distal marginal ridge visible
224
distal apsect of mandib canine
CEJ line less pronounced than mesial
225
tf
distal surface of mandib canine longer mesial incisocervically
f
shorter
226
distal aspect of mandib canine
rooth depression frm CEJ and ends premature to apex
Root depression from CEJ almost to apex
F
227
incisal view of mandib canine
symmetrical and smooth outline form
228
tf Crown is wider mesiodistally than faciolingually
(of mandibular canine)
rown is wider faciolingually than mesiodistally
F
229
tf Cusp tip of mandib canine slightly distal and lingual to center of crown
and Cingulum slightly offset toward mesial
Cusp tip slightly mesial and lingual to center of crown
Cingulum slightly offset toward distal
F
230
tf lingual surface is more visible on incisal of mandib canine
F
facial surfac
231
irregular ovoid outline form which taper toward lingual
cervical cross section of mandib canine
232
tf Facial portion of mandib canine much wider than lingual portion
t
233
tf
Root canal broad faciolingually and narrow mesiodistally in
madib canine
T
234
flat but can have developmental depressions
mandib canine(cross section)
235
haxagon
max premolar 1
236
oval
max premolar 2
237
diamond
mand pre molar 1
238
square
mand pre molar 2
239
Curve of Spee (called also von Spee's curve or Spee's curvature) is defined as the
curvature of the mandibular occlusal plane beginning at the tip of the lower incisors and following the buccal cusps of the posterior teeth, continuing to the terminal molar.
240
buccal and palatal root
1st max pre molar
241
single root
incisor
canines
pre molars
242
3 types of roots of upper molars
mesiobuccal roots
distobuccal roots
palatal roots
243
mandible single rooted teeth
incisors
pre molars
canine
244
lower molars
mesial and distal roots
245
axial inclinations of max second premolars
toward distal from buccal and lingual view
246
axial inclination of max second premolars
toward lingual from
distal and mesial view
247
248
Resembles maxillary canine
Maxillary First Premolar
249
tf max First Premolar resembles a canine by crown and root are longer
f crown and root are shorter
250
Mesial portion of Maxillary First Premolar
gingival portion ;; concave
cervical portion; convex
251
tf in max 1st pre molars ;Mesial ridge (slope) of B cusp longer than distal slope
t
252
bell shaped crown
max 1st pre molar
253
max 1st premolar
Prominent buccal ridge
254
tf max 1st pre molar only has prominent MB line angle
f
prominent MB and DB line angles
255
3 facial lobes
max 1st pre molar
256
tf
there are developmental depressions between three facial lobes on max 1st pre molar
t
257
correct the statement
max 1st pre-molar
Buccal CEJ curves evenly toward the apex in a concaver manner
Buccal CEJ curves evenly toward the apex in a convex manner
258
tf
max 1st pre molar
Proximal contact level width has less width than at CEJ level (
F
Proximal contact level width much wider than at CEJ level (
259
tf max 1st pre-molar
Cusp tip located just distal to center on the crown
T
260
slight concavity ; smoothly convex on max 1st pre-molar
Mesial slope has sl. concavity Distal slope smoothly convex
261
tf
max 1st pre-molar lingual aspect is Smaller in all dimensions than the buccal aspect
T
262
tf only the crown converge toward lingual
on the lingual view of max 1st pre molar
f
Both crown and root converge toward lingual
263
max 1st pre molar has depressions and ridge on lingual surface
F
Lingual surface is smooth
264
tf Mesial and distal slopes of L cusp approximately form obtuse angle of max 1st pre molar.
f
Mesial and distal slopes of L cusp approximately form right angle
265
Lingual cusp of max 1st pre molar well developed but longer, wider, and bigger than buccal cusp
f
Lingual cusp well developed but smaller, narrower, and shorter than buccal cusp
266
characteristic of max 1st pre molar
Lingual cusp is offset toward the mesial
267
trapezoidal outline shape
mesial aspect of max pre molar
268
tf max 1st pre molar lingual cusp longer than Buccal cusp
Buccal cusp longer than lingual cusp
269
tf max 1st pre molar
Occlusal table much smaller than buccolingual diameter of crown
t
270
tf Triangular ridges of each cusp aren't visible
of max 1st pre- molar
Triangular ridges of each cusp visible on mesial side of max 1st pre molar
271
tf
on max 1st premolar B and L cusp tips well within confines of root trunk
T
B and L cusp tips well within confines of root trunk
272
tf max 1st pre molar only has 1 root
f has 2 buccal and lingual
273
longer root with sharper apex on max 1st pre-molar
buccal root of max 1s pre-molar
274
on max 1st pre molar
Root trunk is thin and usually less than half the root length
on max 1st pre molar
Root trunk broad and usually greater than half the root length
275
Mesial marginal ridge perpendicular to long axis,
max 1st pre molar
276
on max 1st premolar
mesial marginal ridge interrupted by mesial marginal groove
277
Mesial concavity on max 1st pre molar
middle of the cervical third extending down to the root bifurcation
278
tf on max 1st pre molar distal aspect is smoother mesial aspect
t
279
Marginal ridge perpendicular to long axis
distal aspect of max 1st pre molar
280
No marginal groove or developmental depression
on distal side of max 1st pre molar
281
occlusalcervical surface shorter;
mesial or distal of max 1st pre molar
distal side
282
more occlusal surface visible of mesial or distal view of max 1st pre molar
Distal
283
slight depression on root
distal aspect of max 1st pre molar
284
mesial vs distal CEJ curvature towards the occlusal
on max 1st pre molar
less curved on the distal
285
outline form of occlusal of max 1st premolar
Hexagonal outline form
286
tf occlusal of max 1st pre molar is symmetric
f
assymetric
287
wider buccolingually than mesiodistally
max 1st pre molar occlusal surface
288
tf
max 1st premolar have Two well-developed cusps with distinct groove pattern
t
289
Which of the following isnt a distinct groove pattern of
max 1st pre molar
MB
DB
C
M
ML
ML
290
4 developmental lobes
max 1st premolar
M,d
Lingual, mid facial
291
central grove separates
2 triangular ridges on max 1st pre molar
292
tf max 1st premolar only has mesia marginal ridge
f
mesial and distal marginal ridge
293
tf pits on max 1st pre molar
exist on the triangular ridges
f
on triangular fossae
294
tf on max 1st pre molar
B & L heights of contour distal to center
f
B & L heights of contour mesial to center
295
line angles on max 1st pre molar
MB and DB
296
tf there is no buccal ridge on max 1st pre molar
F
its very prominent
297
on max 1st pre molar M and D contacts
facial to center
298
tf
on max 1st pre molar, Buccal cusp tip is distal to center with mesial slope longer than distal
t
299
tf
mesial slope longer than distal on max 1st pre molar(buccal side)
t
300
tf
on max 1st pre molar Buccal cusp ridges form straight line
f
Buccal cusp ridges form diagonal line
301
on max 1st pre molar which ridge is shorter
mesial or distal
Mesial
302
The only premolar that usually has two roots
max 1st pre molar
303
which root is longer in max 1st pre molar
buccal or lingual
buccal
304
tf only one pulp horn on the max 1st premolar
f 1 per cusp in max 1st pre molar
305
Pulp chamber ----- to B and L pulp canals
in max 1st pre molar
Pulp chamber occlusal to B and L pulp canals
306
max 1st pre molar
kidney shaped cervical cross section
307
max 1st pre molar is more bellshaped than max 2ns pre molar
t
308
tf max 2nd pre molar buccal cusp shorter than max 1st pre molar
t
309
entire crown may appear slightly shorter and narrower but average dimensions are nearly the same)
max 1st and 2nd pre molar
310
tf mesial marginal ridge\> distal marginal ridge
(of buccal cusp)(on max 2nd pre molar)
f
\<
311
tf max pre molar 2 Less angular than P1
t
312
tf
more prominent facial ridge of max 2nd pre molar than 1st premolar
f
less prominent
313
tf max 2nd premolar has
more rounded appearance of MB and DB line angles
than max 1st premolar
t
314
tf max 2nd premolar has a sharper Buccal cusp tip than max 1st premolar
F
not as sharp
315
tf max 1st pre molar has more curved CEJ than max 2nd premolar
T
316
max 2nd pre molar
Root ----- and smoothly -----
Root conical and smoothly convex
317
max 2nd pre molar same size
lingual and buccal cusp
; no occlusal surface visible
318
max 2nd pre molar
Smoothly -----crown and root; ----- taper to lingual than teeth anterior to it
Smoothly convex crown and root; less taper to lingual than teeth anterior to it
319
lingual aspect of max 2nd pre molar
L cusp tip slightly ------- to center
L cusp tip slightly mesial to center
320
tf on mesial aspect of max 2nd pre molar
B \> L cusps
f
B and L cusps are approximately the same size
321
single root
max 2nd pre molar
322
tf on max 2nd pre molar
there is mesial marginal groove but
No mesial concavity or developmental depression on crown
f
no mesial marginal ridge
323
almost flat
CEJ of max 2nd premlar
| (distal view)
324
tf max 2nd pre molar has thin occlusal table
F
wide
325
Smoothly convex
distal aspect of max second pre molar
326
tf
More of occlusal surface is visible from mesial view than distal view of max 2nd pre molar
F
distal view has more occlusal table visible
327
round and ovoid
occlusal view of max 2nd premolar
328
line angles
rounded on max 2nd pre molar
329
smooth outline
buccal outline of max 2nd pre molar(occlusal aspect)
330
Wider occlusal table (B-L)
occlusal aspect of max 2nd pre molar
331
short central groove with close M and D triangular fossa
occlusal aspect of mx 2nd premolar
compared to 1st
332
B and L cusps nearly centered on buccolingual bisecting line
max 2nd pre molar
333
tf max 2nd pre molar crown appears bilaterally symmetrical
t
334
tf max 2nd pre molar only can have 1 pulp canal
F
can have 2
335
no major root concavities
on max 2nd pre molar
336
ovoid
cross section max 2nd pre molar
337
338
Functionally resembles canine;
mandib 1st pre-molar
339
mandib 1st pre-molar
no significant lingual cusp; shorter root
340
Larger crown and root than first premolar;
2nd mandib pre molar
341
functionally resembles molar
Mandibular Second Premolar
342
(One B cusp and one L cusp)
H and U type
mandib 2nd pre molar
343
most common type of Mandibular Second Premolar
Y-type
344
Y-type
One B cusp and two L cusps
345
leeway's space
Space gained by the difference in mesiodistal dimensions of the premolars and the primary molars
346
sharp well defined cusp and similar to canine
buccal aspect of mandib 1st pre molar
347
tf mand 1st pre molar has a bell shaped crown
T
348
mesial ridge longer than distal ridge of mand 1st pre molar(buccal view)
f
shorter
349
mesial slope of mand 1st pre molar
has a concavity
350
tf mand 1t pre molar has no developmental depressions or concavities
f
Distinct facial lobes and developmental depressions
351
tf
CEJ is flat on mand 1st pre molar
F
CEJ slightly convex toward apex but less than anterior teeth
352
tf lingual cusps are huge on mand 1st pre molar
f they are small and permit occlusal surface to be visible
353
mesialdistally ligual surface narrower than buccal
mandibular 1st pre molar
354
tf
only 1 surface visible on lingual aspect of mand 1st premolar
F multiple surfaces
355
ridges visible on lingual aspect of mand 1st pre molar
buccle triangular rdge and transverse ridge
356
tf only distal marginal ridge visible from lingual aspct of mand 1st pre molar
f
distal and mesial
357
mand 1st premolar
Lingual height of contour almost ------ on the crown
Lingual height of contour almost centered on the crown
358
unique to mandib 1st pre molar
Prominent mesiolingual developmental groove
359
mesial aspect of mand 1st pre molar
Crown inclines----- over the root
Crown inclines lingually over the root
360
tf short lingual cusp tipps the Occlusal plane is “tipped” lingually in mand 1st pre molat
T
361
tf
mesial marginal ridge of mand 1st pre molar
is perpendicular to long axis of tooth
f
mesial marginal ridge is the only marginal ridge of all posterior teeth not perpendicular to long axis of tooth
362
centered over root vs centered over lingual border of tooth of mand 1st pre molar
buccal cusp vs. lingual cusp
363
which developmental groove is visible from mesial aspect of mand 1st pre molar
ML developmental groove
364
tf
transverse ridge presense will prevent central grove from being visible of mand 1st pre molar
T
365
sloped mesial marginal ridge of mand 1st pre molar allows for
More of the occlusal surface visible
366
distal aspect of mand 1st pre molar
Wider buccolingually than mesial surface
367
tf on distal aspect of mand 1st pre molar
Distal marginal ridge perpendicular to the long axis
t
368
tf on mand 1st pre molar
mesial marginal ridge more occlusally positioned than
distal marginal ridge
f
Distal marginal ridge perpendicular to the long axis (and more occlusally positioned than mesial marginal ridge)
369
mesial aspect of mand 1st premolar
more occlusal surface visible than distal aspect
370
less curved CEJ
distal over mesial of mand 1st pre molar
371
in line with buccal cusp and apex
contact area of mandib 1st pre molar
372
mand 1st pre molar distal aspect
Contact area slightly broader than the mesial
373
Diamond shaped outline form
occlusal aspect of mand 1st pre molar
374
Prominent buccal ridge but uniformly convex buccal outline with much of the buccal surface visible
occlusal of mand 1st pre molar
375
distal outline more rounded and convex
than mesial outline of mand 1st premolar
376
convex with indentation
Mesial outline of mand 1st pre molar
377
indentation of mand 1st pre molar
where ML groove is located;
378
Prominent line angles but rounded
occlusal of mand 1st pre molar
379
small lingual cusp
mand 1st pre molar
380
central grove of mand 1st pre molar
often not distinct
381
transverse ridge of
occlusal of mand 1st pre molar
382
tf only mesial fossa of mand 1st pre molar visible
f
mesial and distal fossa
383
which marginal ridge is shorter on mand 1st pre molar
mesial or distal
mesial
384
both converge to lingual)
mesial and distal marginal ridge of mand 1st pre molar
385
ML groove visible
occlusal aspect of mand 1st pre molar
386
mand 1st pre molar; Occlusal surface (table) occupies most of the---- half of the tooth
Occlusal surface (table) occupies most of the lingual half of the tooth
387
Mesial contact, facial cusp tip, and distal contact of mand 1st pre molar
fall on straight line which is centered on the crown faciolingually
388
root of mand 1st pre molar
Wider buccolingually than mesiodistally
389
tf mand 1st pre molar is ovoid
| (cross section)
t
390
Single root of mand 1s pre molar tapering to ---- ---- and
---- -----
Single root tapering to sharp apex and pulp canal
391
mand 1st pre molar
Wider buccolingually than mesiodistally
392
sloped occlusal surface
mand 1st pre molar
393
mand 1st pre molar
can have two roots (one buccal and one lingual)
but usually only one root canal
394
ML developmetnal depression
visible on Mand 1st pre molar
395
larger and similar to canine
mand P2
396
tf mand P2 is bell shape
F
broader
397
shorter, less pointed and form obtuse angle
buccal cusp of mand P2
398
tf mesial cusp is longer than distal cusp in mand P2
f
shorter
399
tf mand P1(mesial and distal cusp slope) is more inclined than mand P2
t
400
occlusocervically mesial crown of Mand P2 is
longer than distal crown(mand P2)
401
shorter buccal cusp of mand P2
cause M&D contacts appear to be higher
402
smooth with indistinct conveixities or concavities
Mand P2 facial surface
403
conical with flattened facial surface
Mand P2 root (buccal)
404
blunt apex
root of Mand P2
405
Mand P2
CEJ straighter than teeth anterior to it
406
tf mand P2 is
Wider mesiodistally but
shorter occlusogingivally
than MandP1
F
wider and longer
407
Mesial and distal crown outlines convex
mand P2
408
tf mand P2 has no concavities on mesial and distal crown outline
T
409
2 typs of cusps of mand P2
bucal
ML
DL
410
Lingual cusp or cusps shorter
than buccal cusps of Mand P2
411
tf occlusal surface more visible in mand P2 than mand P1
F
Occlusal surface less visible than in P1
412
ML cusp is larger than DL cusp
in y type mand P2
413
smooth and convex
root of mand P2
414
tf root of Mand P2 tapers to the lingual more than P1
F
tapers to the lingual less than P1
415
mesial aspect of mand P2
Crown and root wider buccolingually than madn P1
416
which buccal cusp is shorter
mand P1 or mand P2
Mand P2
417
B cusp tip slightly buccal to center of root
mand P2
418
higher lingual cusp occlusally
mand P2 or Mand P1
mand p2
419
Mesial (and distal) marginal ridges----- to long axis of tooth of mand P2
Mesial (and distal) marginal ridges perpendicular to long axis of tooth of mand P2
420
tf mand P2 has ML developmental groove
F
lacks
421
CEJ less curved
Mand P1 or Mand P2
Mand P2
422
root apex blunted
mand P1
or mand P2
mand P2
423
TF on mand P2 DL cusps are visible on mesial aspect
F
not visible on mesial aspect
424
Mand P2 lacks
transverse ridge; defined central groove
on mesial aspect
425
426
tf oclusal table of mand P2 is more perpnedicular to long axis than mand P1
T
427
mand P2
---- crown outline with a ------ tilt
mand P2
Rhomboidal crown outline with a lingual tilt
428
tf on distal aspect of mand P2
Contact area larger and wider buccolingually than mesial aspect
T
429
distal aspect of mand P2
all cusp visible
Y-type P2
430
DL cusp smaller than ML cusp
in Y-type P2
| (distal aspect)
431
distal aspect mand P2
largest cusp
buccal cusp
432
prominent triangular ridge
on buccal cusp of mand P2(distal view)
433
perpendicular to long axis
Distal marginal ridge of mand P2
434
mand P2 distal view
CEJ flattened and similar to what is seen on molars
435
square outline form
occlusal of mand P2(y type)
436
parralel to each other
mesial and distal aspects of mand P2(occlusaL)
437
Less prominent buccal ridge with less distinct developmental depressions
occlusal of mand P2
438
what is major grovve pattern of mand P2(occlusal)
Y
439
order the follwoing cusp in terms of size on mand P2
DL cusp
ML cusp
B cusp
B cusp \> ML cusp \> DL cusp
440
lingual grove separates
2 lingual cusps of mand P2(occlusal)
441
tf lingual groove of mand P2 is mesial to center
F
distal to center
442
name type of pits of mand P2
Mesial and distal triangular fossae with pits
and central pits
443
• More rounded outline form than Y-type
H and U type Mand P2
444
tf
“H” and “U” types ; mesial and distal profiles are parallel to each other
f
Mesial and distal profiles not as parallel
445
converge toward lingual
Mesial and distal profiles of H and U types
446
No lingual groove or central pit
H and U type Mand P2
447
tf
in mand P2 h and u types
Buccal cusp smaller than lingual cusp
F
Buccal cusp larger than lingual cusp
448
root of Mand P2
Single root with one pulp canal
449
tf mand P2 root Slightly wider buccolingually and longer than P1
T
450
root apex of mand P2
blunted
451
root apex of mand P2
incline distally
452
Rarely bifurcated of trifurcated root
mand P2 roots
453
round to ovoid cross section
mand P2 cross section
454
slightly flattened buccal surface
mand P2(cross section)
455
cross section of mand P2
Slight taper to the lingual
456
Single root canal usually
mand p2
457
Largest crown in mouth
Maxillary First Molar
458
anchor tooth of maxillary dentition
Maxillary First Molar
459
Maxillary First Molar
presents basic pattern for permanent maxillary molars
460
type 5 and 6 vertucci
461
vertucci 7 and 8
462
(59.87%) were Vertucci type 4
max 1st molar
463
----- have some of the highest failure rates in endodontic treatment due to the presence of a second canal in the mesiobuccal root that the clinician fails to detect, debride and obturate.
maxillary molars have some of the highest failure rates in endodontic treatment due to the presence of a second canal in the mesiobuccal root that the clinician fails to detect, debride and obturate.
464
Carabelli Cusp usually absent
in Max second molar
465
max second molar --\> different from 1st molar
size is smaller with the three roots closer together
466
Trapezoidal crown outline form
Maxillary First Molar(buccal)
467
Crown slightly shorter occlusocervically than teeth anterior to it
max 1st molar
| (buccal)
468
tf
Maxillary First Molar have Two buccal cusps separated by buccal groove
t
469
buccal groove of max 1st molar
extends halfway up the buccal side
470
deepest part of depression on buccal surface of
Maxillary First Molar
ocasonal pit
471
which cusp is larger on buccal side of Maxillary First Molar
MB or DB
MB cusp
472
sharper and longer cusp on buccal side of
Maxillary First Molar
MB or DB
DB
473
MB cusp slopes more or less inclined than DB
(Buccal (Facial) Aspect: of max 1st molar)
less
forms an obtuse angle
474
forms 90 degrees
DB cusps on max 1st pre molar
475
Facial (buccal) cervical ridge
passes mesiodistally across cervical third of crown
(buccal aspect of max 1st molar)
476
is convex and flatter
mesial vs distal profile of max 1st molar
mesial profile of max 1st molar
477
Distal crown profile convex with concavity in cervical third continuing on root
max 1st molar
478
tf Buccal CEJ of max 1st molar
more convex than teeth anterior to it
f
Buccal CEJ much flatter than teeth anterior to it
479
CEJ of Maxillary First Molar
may dip toward area of buccal furcation
480
Root trunk in occlusal third of root (approx. 4mm)
max 1st molar
481
Maxillary First Molar(buccal view)
---- roots visible from common root trunk;
Maxillary First Molar
482
tf on max 1st molar
root system wider mesiodistally than Crown
Crown wider mesiodistally than root system
483
Facial developmental groove and furcation in line
max 1st molar
484
Maxillary First Molar
MB and DB roots may have ----- inclination
MB and DB roots may have distal inclination
485
MB and DB roots
converge at apical third
486
----- root seen between two buccal roots of max 1st molar
lingual (palatal)
487
MB root inclination
max 1st molar
90 degree
488
DB root inclinations
obtuse
in max 1st molar
489
tf
MB and DB roots of max 1st molar are wider mesiodistally than buccolingually
f
MB and DB roots are wider buccolingually than mesiodistally;
490
tf
L(P) root of max 1st molar wider mesiodistally than buccolingually
t
491
which direction does crown diverge on lingual surface of
max 1st molar
to lingual
492
tf in lingual surface which cusp is the largest
ML of max 1st molar
493
extends 3/5 of entire width mesiodistally)
ML cusp of max first molar
494
Cusp of Carabelli (fifth cusp) arises from the ------ surface of the ML cusp on max 1st molar
Cusp of Carabelli (fifth cusp) arises from the lingual surface of the ML cusp
495
small and rounded
DL cusp of max 1st molar
496
distolingual groove of max 1st molar
separate Two lingual cusps
497
terminate in a lingual pit in the central portion of the lingual surface in max 1st molar
distolingual groove
498
Lingual CEJ of max 1st molar
straight to slightly convex
499
lingual root is broader mesiodistally than buccolingually
max 1st molar
500
Dominant (largest) lingual root has shallow depression along cervical 2/3 of root and across CEJ
max 1st molar
501
tf from lingual view of max 1st molar
mesial outline of MB and DB root seen
f
Entire mesial outline of MB root seen but only partial view of DB root
502
mesial aspect of max 1st molar;
----- ------ ridge connects MB and ML cusps;
Mesial marginal ridge connects MB and ML cusps;
503
max 1st molar
Crown has trapezoidal outline form
from mesial side
504
Buccal profile of max 1st molar may appear slightly -----
in middle third (occlusal to cervical ridge)
Buccal profile may appear slightly concave in middle third (occlusal to cervical ridge)
505
Lingual profile uniformly convex with maximum convexity in middle third from mesial view
max 1st molar
506
max 1st molar mesial
CEJ shallow (minimum curvature) and irregularly curved toward the occlusal
507
Root trunk of max 1st molar broad
faciolingually
508
Faciolingual root spread is ---- than faciolingual diameter of crown
max 1st molar mesial view
Faciolingual root spread is broader than faciolingual diameter of crown
509
MB root broad ----- and projects straight beyond crown surface slightly toward the ----
max 1st molar mesial
MB root broad buccolingually and projects straight beyond crown surface slightly toward the buccal
510
tf on max 1st molar from mesial view
Developmental depression present across 1/3 of MB root
f
Developmental depression present across 2/3 of MB root
511
longest and shaped like a banana
lingual root of max 1st molar
512
lingual root of max 1st molar
first extends lingually beyond crown outline,
then curves in toward the buccal
513
which furcation is visible of max 1st molar
ML furcation
514
max 1st molar mesial view
--- cusp more centered over root trunk than -- cusp
ML cusp more centered over root trunk than MF cusp
515
Crown is wider and taller on the mesial from mesial view
max 1st molar
516
tf from mesial view of max 1st molar only 2 cusps are visible
F
1. MB (MF) cusp 2. ML cusp 3. Fifth (Carabelli) cusp
517
mesial view of max 1st molar
roots present
1. Lingual (Palatal) root 2. 2. MB (MF) root
518
tf Distal marginal ridge longer than mesial marginal ridge buccolingually
max 1st molar
Distal marginal ridge shorter than mesial marginal ridge buccolingually
519
tf more occlusal surface visible from distal view than mesial view of max 1sst molar
T
520
max 1st molar
Buccal surface more visible due to rhomboidal crown form (and D taper)
521
Proximal contact near crown center
distal aspect of max 1st molar
522
which cusp is center more over root of max 1st molar
DL or DF
• DL cusp more centered over the root than DF cusp
523
tf DB root of max 1st molar is smaller than MB root
t
524
total number of roots visible from distal side of max 1st molar
3
525
DL furcation visible -mm from CEJ
max 1st molar
DL furcation visible 5mm from CEJ
526
Distinct -- concavity in cervical third of crown and root of max 1st molar
Distinct DF concavity in cervical third of crown and root
527
occlusal of max 1st molar
Rhomboid outline form;
528
line angle acute of max 1st molar
MB and DL
529
line nagle obtuse of max 1st molar
| (occlusal view)
ML and DB line angles
530
Wider buccolingually than mesiodistally
max 1st molar
occlusal
531
which side is wider buccolingually
mesia or distal half of max 1st molar
(mesial half of tooth wider buccolingually than distal half
532
on max 1st molar
which is wider buccolingually and more prominent
Mesial marginal ridge or distal marginal ridge ?
• Mesial marginal ridge wider than distal marginal ridge buccolingually and more prominent
533
oblique ridge of max 1st molar
at same level occlusocervically as MMR & DMR)
534
smallest cusp of max 1st molar and not part of occlusal surface
Carabelli
535
arrange the following of max 1st molar
ML DL DB MB Carabelli
ML\>MB\>DL\>DB\>Carabelli
536
more centered on tooth than any other cusp
and has two triangular ridges
of max 1st molar
ML cusp
537
talon of max 1st molr
DL cusp
538
Trigon of max 1st molar
MB ML DB cusp
539
Primary cusp triangle centered over root trunk
max 1st molar
540
Oblique ridge (type of transverse ridge) of max 1st molar
extends from ML cusp to DB cusp
541
lingual aspect of max 1st molar
grooves
1. Lingual developmental groove
2. Developmental groove of the fifth cusp
542
1. Central developmental groove
2. Facial (buccal) developmental groove
3. Transverse groove of the oblique ridge
4. Distal oblique developmental groove
max 1st molar
543
how many total fossa are on occlusal of max 1st molar
4
544
(central and distal
major 2 fossa of max 1st molar
545
mesial triangular fossa and distal triangular fossa
2 minor fossa of max 1st molar
546
root of max 1st molar
Root trunk trifurcated forming 3 root branches: 2 buccal and 1 lingual
547
largest and longest root of max 1st molar
lingual root
548
inclines lingually;
lingual root of max 1st molar
549
wider mesiodistally than buccolingually
lingual root of max 1st molar
550
shallow depression on lingual surface of root
of max 1st molar
551
cervical 2/3
max 1st molar lingual root
552
wider buccolingually than mesiodistally
MB root of max 1st molar
553
second largest and longest root of maxillary 1st molar
MB root
554
two pulp canals: one buccal, one lingual
max 1st molar
555
smallest and shortest
DB root of max 1st molar
556
slightly wider buccolingually than mesiodistally;
max 1st molar ; DB root
557
inclines distally and buccally
max 1st molar ; DB root
558
cervical cross section max 1st molar
Wider faciolingually than mesiodistally
and has buccal and lingual depressions
559
tf max 2nd molar is smaller and has three roots closer together than max 1st molar
T
560
Carabelli Cusp usually absent
max 2nd molar
561
max M2 buccal view
Crown shorter and narrower mesiodistally than M1
562
tf max M2 only has 1 buccal cusp visible from the buccal aspect
F
Two buccal cusps visible (MB & DB)
563
wich cusp of max M2 is sharper and more prominent than Max M1
MB cusp
564
tf max M2 has a Facial cervical ridge more pronounced than M1
Facial cervical ridge less pronounced than M1
565
tf all Three roots visible of Max M2 from buccal side
T
566
three roots of max 2nd molar
MB, L, DB
567
max 2nd molar (mesial view)
MB root curves distally with apex over furcation area
568
max M2 buccal
Buccal furcation slightly distal to the facial developmental groove
569
M2 vs M1 root
Roots shorter, closer to each other, and inclined more distally than M1
570
tf all the roots of max M2 are parrallel to each other
t
571
from lingual aspect of max M2
all rooots and cusps visible
572
DL groove of Max M2
terminates at a point further distal and occlusal than Max M1
(ends more midlingually)
573
the cusps of Max M2
DL ML
MB DB
574
which cusp is smaller on the max M2
DL or ML
DL
575
tf max M2 has o fifth (Carabelli) cusp
F
No fifth (Carabelli) cusp usually
576
Palatal (lingual) root of Max M2(lingual aspect)
root smoothly convex
577
Apex of palatal root
Max M2(lingual)
over DL cusp
578
mesial aspect of max M2
Two cusps and two roots visible
579
L (P) root and MB root
max M2 mesial
580
cusps visible from mesial side of Max M2
ML cusp , MB cusp
581
Facial cervical ridge of Max M2 (mesial view)
less prominent than M1
582
missing and not as pronounced
Cervical concavity or flattening on mesial aspect of max M2
583
centered mesial contact
max 2nd molar(mesial aspect)
584
tf Max M2 has a convex CEJ
F
flat
585
Less pronounced mesial marginal ridge
that is perpendicular to marginal ridge
max 2nd molar
586
MB and L roots of max M2
less divergent
587
MB and L roots of max M2
located well within the crown outline
588
tf from distal aspect of Max M2
all the cusps and roots are visible
T
589
tf Faciolingual root dimension of max M2 smaller than M1
T
590
which cusps of max M2 are shorter
DB and DL
591
tf from distal view of max M2 there is no occlusal surfce visible
F
more of occlusal surface is visible because of
Smaller DB and DL cusps
592
distal contact of max M2
is more centered
593
Crown of max M2 tapers toward distal
thus more B and L surface visible
594
Lingual cusps of max M2 (distal view) over
lingual root
595
tf max m2 (distal view ) have a longer root trunk
F
shorter
596
tf M1 and M2 maxilary both have db concavity
F
max M2 has no Db concavity
597
tf
MB and DL line angles of Max M2 are less acute than in
Max M1
F
more acute
598
rhomboid
outine form of max M2
599
tapers toward lingual and more constricted
Max M1 or Max M2
Max M2 (occlusaL)
600
largest cusp of MaxM2
ML cusp
601
DL cusp
small in Max M2
602
tf Max M1 and M2
have same groove pattern and fossa configuration
T
603
tf Max M1 and M2 have different ridge configuration
F they are the same
604
max 2nd molar
Buccal roots inclined distally and closer together
605
tf buccal roots of Max M2 are shaped like pliers
F
more parralel to each other
606
which has smaller lingual root
Max M1 or M2
Max M2
607
lingual root incline distally
MaxM2
608
tf max m2 have multiple pulp canal per root
F
1;1
609
One pulp ----- per cusp in max m2
One pulp horn per cusp
610
facial aspex of Max M3
very variable
611
tf max M3 is large than M2 and smaller thanM1
F
smaller than both
612
More rounded crown form
Maxillary Third Molar
613
------ area of Max M3 more narrow
Cervical area more narrow
614
Roots of Max M3
fused and more curved toward distal
615
Max M3
one large lingual cusp
| (can have DL cusp but mostly absent)
616
tf in Max M3 only Crown converge dramatically toward lingual
f
Crown and root system converge dramatically toward lingua
617
Root system of Max M3 compact and curves toward ----
Root system compact and curves toward distal
(lingual view)
618
mesial outline of max m3
resembles general outline of maxillary molars
619
from mesial view of max M3 which cusp are visible
MB and L cusps
620
Max M3 mesial view ;
CEJ ----- in form
CEJ irregular in form
621
max thrid molar (mesial view)
Fused root system with furcation in apical third of root
622
which view of Max M3 are more anatomic features visible
Distal
623
tf on max M3 Crown height shorter on distal view
T
624
More occlusal surface visible
from distal view of Max M3
625
variable
occlusal aspect of max M3
626
tf occlusal view of Max M3 is trapezoid shape
F
heart shape
627
longest cusp of max M3
lingual cusp
628
tf on occlusal view of Max M3
crown tapers only to distal view
F
Crown tapers dramatically toward distal and lingual
629
tf occlusal groove pattern of Max M3 has secondary groove pattern
T
630
Primary triangle
occlusal view of Max M3
631
irregular outline form and multiple depressions
cervical cross sectional of Max M3
632
tf we have larger jaws than ancestors
and we have plety of room to house 32 teeth
F
ur wisdom teeth often become impacted, or blocked from erupting.’
633
Has the greatest mesiodistal dimension of any tooth in the mouth
mandib 1st molar
634
number of cusps for
mand 1st molar
5
635
Mand 1st molar
Anchor tooth of Mandibular arch
636
3 buccla and 2 lingual cusps
mand 1st molar
637
4 cusps
mand M2
638
tf Mand M2 is smaller than mand M1
T
639
C-shaped canal is a special feature of some
lower second molars.
640
Some or all of the canal orifices are joined in the form of a groove or isthmus with a shape of the letter C.
mand M2
641
The continuous C-shaped canal
Type I C shaped canal
642
type 2 c shaped canal
The semicolon shaped canal
643
Two discrete and separate canals.
Type III : c shaped canal
644
the shape is an uninterrupted ‘C’ with no separation or division.
c1 melton
645
the canal shape resembles a semicolon resulting from a discontinuation of the ‘C’ outline.
Category C2: Melton
646
two separated canals.
Category C3a:
647
three separated canals. C
Category C3b: Melton
648
Category C4:
only one round or oval canal.
649
PERICORONITIS (Acute or Chronic)
Inflammation of the soft tissues surrounding the crown of a partially erupted tooth
Mand M3
650
tf Third Molars Have a High Incidence of Pathology
F
Not more than 12% of impacted teeth have associated pathology
651
tf Early Removal of Third Molars Is Less Traumatic
F
Early removal of third molars is actually more traumatic and painful than leaving asymptomatic, nonpathologic teeth in situ
652
tf Third molars do not possess sufficient force to move other teeth or cause crowding, overlapping
T
653
tf There is no evidence of a significant increase in third-molar pathology with age
T
654
tf There is Little Risk of Harm in the Removal of Third Molars
F
Days of “standard discomfort or disability”—pain, swelling, bruising, and malaise result postoperatively, and more than 11,000 people suffer permanent paresthesia
655
mand 1st molar
has --- buccal cusp separateed by --- grooves
3;2
656
names of grooves that separate the 3 buccal cusps of mand
1st molar
mesiobuccal developmental groove and distobuccal developmental groove
657
order of size of 3 buccal cusps of mand M1
MB
D
DB
MB\>DB\>D
658
tf from buccal aspect of mand M1
lingual cusp is shorter than buccal cusp
F
is longer
659
which are more blunt on mand M1
buccal or lingual cusp
buccal cusp
660
most blunt buccal cusp of mand M1
MB
DB
D
MB
661
tf 4 cusps are visible from buccal side of mand M1
F
all 5 cusp visible
662
Mesiobuccal groove slightly ----- to crown center mesiodistally of Mand M1 buccally
mesial
663
Mesiobuccal groove of Mand M1
extends halfway down the buccal surface terminating with pit
664
mesial to root bifurcation
MB groove
665
Distobuccal groove near DB line angle runs -----
to distal root
Mand M1
Distobuccal groove near DB line angle runs parallel to distal root
MAnd M1
666
sl. longer than MB groove
| (mand M1 buccal view)
DB groove
667
tf from buccal view of Mand M1
all of Mesial profile convex
F
cervical 1/3 which appears somewhat concave
668
tf distal profile (buccal view of Mand M1)
straight al the way through
F
Distal profile straight until convex at D contact area
669
Buccal cervical ridge runs ------ in cervical third of crown.
(buccal view of Mand M1)
Buccal cervical ridge runs mesiodistally in cervical third of crown
670
Slight depressed area just occlusal to CEJ of Mand M1
Slight ----- area just occlusal to CEJ(buccal view)
671
Buccal CEJ slightly ------ apically
| (mand M1 buccal view)
Buccal CEJ slightly curved apically
| (mand M1 buccal view)
672
Buccal CEJ of Mand M1
may dip toward bifurcation midbuccally
673
tf from buccal view of Mand M!
3 roots are visible
F
2 roots visible
674
mesial root curves ----- half way down;
Mand M1
mesial root curves distally half way down;
675
mesial root of Mand M1
has
Often deep developmental depressions on both M&D aspects (buccal view)
676
distal root of MAnd M1 projects distally
(Mand M1)
and can turn mesially, distally, or not at all
677
root trunk
3mm wide
| (vertically)
678
lingual aspect of Mand M1
tf MAnd m1 appears taller from lingual
T
679
Lingual aspect of Mand M1
taller root trunk
680
4mm
root trunk of MAnd M1 lingual
681
tf
Crown surface of Mand M1 longer mesiodistally than buccal aspect
f
Crown surface smaller mesiodistally than buccal aspect
682
lingual groove of Mand M!
separates Two cusps of approximately equal size
683
tf lingual groove of Mand M1 is shorter than buccal groove
and has no lingual pit
T
684
bifurcatin of Mand M1 in line with
lingual groove
685
taller and sharper
buccal or lingual cusp of Mand M1
lingual cusp
686
ML
tallest cusp of lingual cusp s of Mand M1
687
tf mesial and distal profiles of Mand M1 are convex throughout entire lingual aspect
T
688
flat CEJ of Mand M1
in lingual view
689
tf from lingual aspect of Mand M1 no buccal cusp is visible
F
part of buccal cusp is visible
690
on Mand M1
from which side are roots narrower
lingual or buccal
lingual
691
crown of Mand M1 from mesial
rhomboid
692
mesial aspect of Mand M1
crown tilts to lingual in relation to long axis
693
which cusp taller from mesial view of Mand M!
ML or MB
ML
694
ML and MB cusps
well within borders of mesial root
of Mand M1(mesial)
695
mesial marginal ridge has
mesial marginal groove
on Mand M1 (mesial view)
696
distance of mesial marginal ridge of mand M1 in comparison to height of cusps(mesial view)
1 mm
697
mand M!
Mesial root very broad ----- with shallow------ or ----
Mesial root very broad buccolingually with shallow concavity or depression
698
Buccal profile of Mand M1
convex
699
Lingual profile of Mand M1
convex
700
CEJ of Mand m1 ------- or slightly ------ toward occlusal
CEJ straight or slightly curved toward occlusal
701
Usually ----- or slightly ------ area of mand M1 in cervical third of crown
Usually flattened or slightly concave area in cervical third of crown
702
mesial aspect of Mand M1
Contact area centered
703
contact area of Mand M1
slightly buccal and occlusal to midpoint of crown
704
distal aspect of Mand M1
Smaller buccolingually than mesial surface
705
mand m1
tapers dramatically towards distal
| (distal view)
706
tf mesial and distal view of Mand M!
Buccal and lingual profiles are similar
707
distal view of Mand M!
Portions of all five cusps visible
708
from distal view of mand m1
which cusp is most lingually positioned
D
DB
DL
D cusp
709
DB line angle of mand M1
DB groove visible near
710
total surfaces vissible from distal view of mand m1
4
facial , distal , occlusal ,distal surface of mesial root
711
tf mand m1 distal view; distal marginal ridge is centered
F
712
tf
mand m1 distal view
Distal marginal ridge much longer than mesial marginal ridge
F
Distal marginal ridge much shorter than mesial marginal ridge
713
midpoint of Mand M1(distal view)
distal marginal groove
714
distal contact of Mand M1
facial to center
715
Mand M1 distal view
Distal root narrower buccolingually with shallow distal depression
716
Distal root of mand m1 has continuous ---- with sharper ---- than mesial root
Distal root has continuous taper with sharper apex than mesial root
717
from occlusal view of mand M1
pentagon outline shape
718
tf mand m1
Wider mesiodistally than buccolingually
T
719
which side of Mand M1 is wider mesiodistally
buccal
720
which side of Mand M1 is widest buccolingually
mesial
721
cusp slopes and 2 marginal ridges of mand M1
border Occlusal table
722
which side of Mand M1 is more visible from occlusal
buccal or lingual
buccal
723
arrange the following cusps in terms of size of Mand M1 from occlusal
MB
DL
DB
D
ML
MB\>ML\>DL\>DB\>D)
724
Inner ----- ridges of cusps shown from occlusal of Mand M1
Inner triangular ridges of cusps shown from occlusal of Mand M1
725
name the three fosa visible from occlusal of MAnd M1
centrall
distal
mesial
726
which fossa of mand M1 contain central pit
central fossa
727
shallow pits of mand m1 onf occlusal view
mesial and distal triangular fossae
728
from occlusal view of Mand M1 name the types of grooves
MB DB
central
lingual
729
tf Occlusal view; mesial marginal grove wider than distal marginal groove of mand M1
t
730
from the occlusal view of mand M1 which side does the crown converge
lingually
731
from occlusal view of mand m1
which side of mand m1 shows straighter outline with little
taper; mesial or distal
mesial
732
T
cervical cross section of mand m1
Wider mesiodistally than buccolingually
T
733
cross section of mand M1
root trunk
contain facial and lingual depressions
734
roots of mand m1
mesial
has two pulp canals (B and L)
735
D root of mand m1
one pulp canal but often two (B and L)
736
tf only mesial root of mand m1
wider buccolingually than mesiodistally
F
both mesial and distal
737
longitudinal grooves
developmental depression of mand m1 on mesial and distal surface of mesial and distal roots
738
tf
Mand M1 Mesial root broader and slightly longer than distal root
t
739
mesial root of mand m1
projects mesially from CEJ to middle third of root,
then curves slightly to the distal;
740
mand m1 distal root
distal root smaller; projects distally
741
mand m2 buccal aspct
Smaller than M1, larger than M3
742
tf from buccal aspect of mand m2 crown and is shorter than m1
T
743
buccla grove of mand m2 (buccal aspect0
separates MB and DB cusps
744
tf MB cusp \> DB cusp of mand m2
T
745
tf buccal aspect of mand m2 has a buccal pit
F
nill
746
tf from buccal view of mand m2
all 3 cusp visible
F
all 4
747
buccal view of mand m2
----- groove and ---- in line with each other
Buccal groove and bifurcation in line with each other
748
tf huge curvature in mand m2 CEJ from buccal view
F
no curvature , straight
749
from buccal view of mand m2
which side is roudned
mesial or distal
distal
750
which contact of mand m2 (buccal veiw)
closer to junction of middle and occlusal thirds
mesial or distal
Mesial contact closer to junction of middle and occlusal thirds
751
tf
mand m2 Roots closer together and show greater distal inclination
T
752
which root is longer from buccal view of mand M2
mesial or distal view
mesial root
753
lingual aspect of mand m2
Crown shorter than M1 and narrower mesiodistally
754
equal in length mesiodistally (mand m2)
Lingual width mesiodistally almost equal to buccal width
755
taper to lingual
lingual aspect of mand m2
756
name the 2 prominent cusp visible of mand m2 from lingual aspect
ML and DL
757
tf from lingual aspect of mand m2
DL cusp \> ML cusp
F
ML\>DL
758
tf lingual cusp of mand m2 are sharper than buccal cusp
T
759
Lingual ----- groove in line with -----
of mand m2(lingual view)
Lingual developmental groove in line with bifurcation
of mand m2(lingual view)
760
tf root trunk is longer on buccal aspect than lingual aspect of mand m2
F
lingual aspect
761
mesial aspect of mand m2
Crown outline similar to M1 (rhomboidal or parallelogram
762
tf mand m2 has narrower occlusal table than m1 (mesial veiw)
T
763
short and shallow
mesial marginal ridge of mand m2
| (mesial veiw)
764
mand m2
ML cusp---- than MB cusp
mand m2
ML cusp taller than MB cusp
765
from mesial view
which cusp more centered over root
MB or Ml cusp
MB cusp
766
Buccal cervical ridge of mand m2 ---- pronounced than M1
Buccal cervical ridge of mand m2 less pronounced than M1
767
Mesial contact of mand m2 closer to ---- of middle and occlusal thirds(mesial view)
Mesial contact of mand m2 closer to junction of middle and occlusal thirds
768
which height of contour of MAnd M2 is more occlusally positioned
lingual or buccal ?
Lingual height of contour more occlusally positioned
769
mesial view of mand M2
Root narrower than M1 with sharper apex
770
distal view of mand m2
Distal marginal ridge more gingivally positioned than mesial
771
tf from distal view less occlusal table is visible than mesial view
F
more is visible
772
tf only 2 cusps of mand m2 are visible from distal view of mand m2
F
all 4
773
from distal view of mand m2
no distal cusp or DB groove
774
tf distal and mesial surface of mand m2 are same size
F
Distal surface is almost as large as mesial (but not quite)
775
distal contact area of mand m2
more centered
776
narrower and poiitned tip
mand m2 (distal view)
777
root mand m2 (distal view)
uniformly convex
778
tf occusal view of mand m2 has a hexgonal shape
F
rectangular
779
from occlusal view of mand m2 which side is more rounded
distal or mesial
distal
780
arrange the cusps of mand m2 from large to small
MB
DB
DL
ML
MB\>ML\>DB\>DL
781
which cusps of mand m2 are closer together
distal or mesial
(occlusal view)
mesial cusp
782
number of grooves of mand m2 and type
3
central
buccal
lingual
783
types of fossa of mand m2
Central fossa, mesial and distal triangular fossae
784
which fossa of mand m2 has deepest pits
Central fossa, mesial or distal triangular fossa
central
785
occlusal view of mand m2
Proximal contacts in middle 1/3
786
Mesial third of crown slightly ---- buccolingually than distal third
of mand m2 occlusal
Mesial third of crown slightly wider buccolingually than distal third
787
occlusal of mand m2
buccal third ----- mesiodistally than lingual third
buccal third wider mesiodistally than lingual third
788
roots of mand m2
Similar to M1 but usually shorter and closer together
789
tf roots of mand m2
are only separate
f
Occasionally may be partially or totally fused (with C-shaped canal) or further apart like M1
790
Wider mesiodistally than buccolingually
cevical cross section of mand m2
791
which side of mand m2 is wider buccolingually
mesial and distal
(mesial half wider buccolingually
792
2;1
canals in mesia vs distal root of mand m2
793
bifurcation of mand m2
has Facial and lingual depressions ass. with it
794
c shaped canal of mand m2
The name comes from the appearance of the pulp chamber floor when viewed from above.
795
tf Mandibular Third Molar variable only in size
F in size and shape
796
congenitally missing
mand molar 3
797
can resemble m1 or m2
mand m3
798
tf crown and root of mand m3 is larger than m1 and m2
F
smaller
799
occlusal of mand m3 tapering occurs
to distal
800
MAnd m3 ;
Occlusal groove pattern variable with more ------
grooves
Occlusal groove pattern variable with more supplementary grooves
801
tf mand m3 is square shape
f
round shape
802
occlusal of mand m3
has 4 cusps
803
mand m3 ; which half is wider buccolingually
mesial or distal?
mesial half wider buccolingually
804
tf mand m3
crown; root= 1;1.5
t
1;1
805
Bulbous outline from proximal, with small occlusal table
mand m3
806
mand m3
cusp tips may be ----- together than M1 and M2
mand m3
cusp tips may be closer together than M1 and M2
807
tf mand m3
Roots taper dramatically toward apex
T
808
short, fused, or compressed
roots of mand m3
809
distal inclination
mand m3 roots
810
smallest and shortest of all mandibular molar roots
distal root of mand molar 3
811
cervical cross section of mand m3
2 canals in mesial root
1 canal in distal root
812
Root outline tapered toward the distal
mand m3 cervical cross section
813
814
order the eruption sequence of primary dentition
lateral incisors
central incisor
Second molars
canines
primary molars
Central incisors
Lateral incisors
First molars (“One year molars”)
Canines
Second molars (“Two year molars”)
815
very similar in form to permanent counterparts, but smaller and less pronounced morphologic features
incisor
816
tf incisors primary teeth have no mammelons
T
817
crown of incisors (primary)
appear squatted
818
tf primary incisors onlhave buccal cervical ridges
F
buccal and cervical ridges
819
incisor primary teeth
mesial CEJ more incisally positioned than distal
820
roots of incisor(primary teeth)
narrow and pointed
821
---- angle of lower lateral incisor (primary) quite rounded
DI angle of lower lateral incisor (primary) quite rounded
822
diamond shaped crown4
– maxillary canine primary teeth
823
diff between maxillary canine and permanent max canine
max canine
has longer mesial cusp ridge (slope) than distal slope
824
maxillary canine (primary) has marked ---- and ---- cervical bulges
maxillary canine has marked facial and lingual cervical bulges
825
arrow-shaped crown
primary mandibular canine
826
mandib canine(primary tooth)
mandibular canine has shorter mesial slope than distal slope
827
more slender with less prominent marginal ridges on lingual aspect
primary mandib canine
828
basically resembles maxillary premolar
max 1st molar
829
major cusps of max 1st molar
MB and Ml
830
DB and DL cusps
insig in size of max first molar
831
largest cusp of max 1st molar
MB
832
tf max 1st molar crown is more wide occlusocervically than mesiodistally
F
crown wider mesiodistally than occlusocervically
833
primary max 1st molar
prominent ----- and ----- cervical heights of contour (bulges)
prominent B & L cervical heights of contour (bulges)
834
slender and flared
roots of max 1st molar
835
how many roots are on primary 1st molar
3
836
tf primary 1st molar has a huge root trunk
F
small root trunk
837
morphologically identical to permanent maxillary 1st molar including cusp of Carabelli;
primary max 2nd molar
838
smaller and squatter than permanent maxillary 1st molar
primary maxillary 2nd molar
839
roots of primary max 2nd molar
more flared and slender
840
small rot trunk
prrimary max 2nd molar
841
primary max 2nd molar
greatest faciolingual diameter of all primary teeth
842
tf primary max 2nd molar is smaller than primary 1st molar
f
larger than primary 1st molar
843
primary mandib 2nd molar
identical to permanent mandibular 1st molar
844
primary mandib 2nd molar
smaller and squatter than permanent mandibular 1st molar
845
cervical bulges and constriction
primary mand 2nd molar
846
more flared and slender than permanent 1st molar
roots of primary mandib 2nd molar
847
how many roots for primary mandib 2nd molars
2
M and D
848
small root trunk
primary mandib 2nd molar
849
tf primary teeth are darker than perament teeth
F
lighter
850
have more pronounced cervical ridges (
primary teeth or permanent
primary teeth
851
more constricted at the cervix (neck)
primary or permanent
primary teeth
852
tf crown roots are long and narrow in relation to crown width and length
T
853
most unique primary tooth morphologically
primary mandibular first molar
854
Primary teeth are smaller in overall dimensions
to permanent teeth
855
large pulps with long pulp horns
primary teeth
856
more flared and slender roots which extend beyond the crown outlines, thus allowing space for the growth and development of the succeeding permanent teeth
primary molar
857
primary molars
short root trunks
and furcation areas approaching the CEJ
858
tf Primary pre-molars have buccal and lingual surfaces that are more convergent occlusally, result in narrow occlusal table
f
Primary molars have buccal and lingual surfaces that are more convergent occlusally
859
correct the statement
primary teeth; thin enamel with dispersed thickness
primary teeth; thin enamel with consistent thickness
860
difference between primary molar and permanent molars
enamel rods of primary molars at the CEJ point occlusally rather than gingivally as with permanent molars
861
tf
Primary teeth have lot of dentin between pulp and dentino-enamel junction (DEJ)
F
Primary teeth have little dentin between pulp and dentino-enamel junction (DEJ)
862
comparatively longer and narrower roots with respect to their crowns
primary ant teeth
863
primary ant teeth vs permanent ant teeth
primary ant teeth
appear wider mesiodistally and shorter occlusocervically
864
lack mammelons on incisal ridge
primary ant teeth
865
tf The teeth of children and young people are more sensitive than the teeth of older people to thermal change and dental operative procedures
t
866
leeway space
Primary molars are wider mesiodistally than the premolars that replace them
867
leeway space
allows space for some mesial movement of the permanent first molars as the premolars erupt
868
As jaws grow, spacing between ---- ------occurs thus providing room for the larger permanent successors to erupt
As jaws grow, spacing between primary anteriors occurs thus providing room for the larger permanent successors to erupt
869
erupt at age 7-8
lower lat inc
upper central inc
870
upper m1 and lower canine
erupt at age 9-10
871
erupt at age 6-7
lower m1 and Central incisor
872
erupt at age 10-12
lower p1
upper P2
873
erupt at 17-21
m3 up and down
874
erupt at age 11-12
upper canine
and lower P2
875
erupt at age 11-13
lower M2
876
erupt at age 12-13
upper M2
877
erupt at age 10-11
upper P1
878
lat inc of upp
erupt at 8-9
879
primary teeth
Guide the permanent teeth to erupt at the correct position in the dental arch since the permanent teeth grow under the primary teeth
880
The current U.S. population with access to fluoridated water is approximately --- percent.
The current U.S. population with access to fluoridated water is approximately 74 percent.
881
---- of all dental fluorosis was the very mild to mild form of dental fluorosis
94%
882
1986
dental fluorosis was present in 22.3% of the children examined
883
tf primary molar have Thicker dentin in central fossa than
permanent molar
T
884
thinner enamel
primary or permanent molar
primary molar
885
Higher pulp horns and larger pulp chamber
primary or permanent molar
primary molar
886
tf permanent molar have
More pronounced cervical ridges than primary molar
F
primary\>permanent
887
tf in prmary molar . Enamel rods near CEJ slope gingivally
F
. Enamel rods near CEJ slope occlusally
888
. More constricted cervix
primary molar or permanent molar
primary molar
889
slender and longer , flared root
primary molar
890
891
0 6 y.o.
primary teeth
892
12 y.o.+
permanent teeth
893
6-12 y.o.
mixed dentition
894
A-J
R-L(upper teeth)
primary teeth
895
K-T
L-R(lower teeth)
primary teeth
896
FDI
permanent
897
FDI
primary teeth
898
8 in each quadrant
permanent dentition
FDI
899
5 in each quadrant
FDI
primary dentition
900
palmer
1--\>8
permanent notation
with symbol of direction
901
a-e
palmer notation primary teeth
902
primary dentition
2 incisor 1 canine
2 molars
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
1, Inferior alveolar artery; 2, dental arteriole; 3, pulpal branches;
919
4, periodontal ligament arteriole; 5 and 6, interalveolar arterioles.
920
hard and soft palate
921
The anteroposterior curved line that connects the cusp tips of the posterior teeth
curve of spee
922
The mediolateral curved line that connects the buccal and lingual cusp tips on each side of the arch (frontal view
curve of wilson
923
crest or ridge that extends from the apex of a cusp of a premolar or molar tooth toward the central part of the occlusal surface
triangular ridge
924
cingulum
a U- or W-shaped ridge at the base of the lingual surface of the crown of the upper incisors and cuspidteeth,
925
a pointed end where two curves meet, in particular.
cusp
926
tubercle
. A small elevation of variable size on the crown of a tooth representing a thickened area of enamel or an accessory cusp.
927
ridge of teeth
any linear elevation on the surface of a tooth and is named according to its location
928
marginal ridge
929
transverse ridge
930
triangular ridge
931
oblique ridge
932
fossa
A rounded or angular depression in the occlusal surface of a posterior tooth bordered by the cusp ridges and the occlusal table.
933
sulcus tooth
The gingival sulcus is an area of potential space between a tooth and the surrounding gingival tissue and is lined by sulcular epithelium.
934
he slight depression dividing the lobes on an anterior tooth, and running parallel with the long axis.
developmental grove
935
supplemental groove
minor, auxiliary groove that branches off from a much more prominent developmental groove.
936
post teeth line angle
occlusolingual line angle
937
mesial buccal and distal buccal line angle
post teeth
938
incisocervicl dimension
939
mesiodistal and buccal lingual line angle
post teeth
940
4 types of occlusal line angle on post teeth
941
labioincisal line angle on
ant teeth
942
mesio occlucal and lingual occlusal line angle
post teeth
943
point angle on post teeth
mesiolingual occlusal
distal lingual occlusal3
944
post teeth
mesialbuccal occlusal point angle
distal buccal occlusal point angle
945
ant teeth
mesiolingual incisal and distal lingual incisal point angle
946
mesial lingual incisal point angle
and\distal lingual incisal point angle of ant teeth
947
perikymata (Greek plural of perikyma)
are the pits around the long prisms of tooth enamel. They indicate the places where enamel-producing cells used to make contact with neighboring cells and are the result of normal enamel apposition.
948
incisal occlusal embrasure
949
buccal embrasure
950
lingual embrasure
951
ging or cervical embrasure embrasure
952
953
954
never flat
Allows maximum use of occlusal contacts
occlusal plane
955
divisions of tooth come together to form tooth
lobe
956
mesial, buccal (labial on canine), distal, and
cusp ridges
triangular cusp (post teeth)
lingual ridge(canine)
all form gothic pyramid
957
interdental pappilla
An extension of the gingiva that normally fills the triangular space (i.e. gingival embrasure) between two adjacent teeth in contact just below (cervical to) the proximal contact area
958
diastema
A space between two adjacent teeth (not contacting) in the same dental arch
959
Subgingival restorative dental margins can cause periodontal inflammation and bone loss if placed too far ----.
Subgingival restorative dental margins can cause periodontal inflammation and bone loss if placed too far apically.
960
Violations of biologic width
when margins are placed closer than 2 mm to the alveolar bone crest. (
961
order the following top to bottom
ging sulcus
CT attachment
junc ep.
ging sulcus
junc ep.
CT attachment
962
both 1mm
junc ep and CT attachment
963
.7 mm
ging sulcus
964
Infringement on the Biologic Width by cutting tooth structure
gingival inflammation -
periodontal pocket formation -
alveolar bone loss
965
966
Consequently, it is recommended that there be at least ---mm between the gingival margin and bone crest to avoid infringement on the Biologic Width
Consequently, it is recommended that there be at least 3.0 mm between the gingival margin and bone crest to avoid infringement on the Biologic Width
967
- subgingival caries or fracture
- inadequate clinical crown length for retention
- unequal or unaesthetic gingival heights
patient will need surgical intervention
968
---- ----- on sound tooth structure and retention form, any surgery should provide at least -- mm from the apical extent of the caries or fracture to the bone crest
margin placement on sound tooth structure and retention form, any surgery should provide at least 4 mm from the apical extent of the caries or fracture to the bone crest
969
Placement of the restorative margin ----- mm into the sulcus allows for the maintenance of the biologic width.
Placement of the restorative margin 0.5 mm into the sulcus allows for the maintenance of the biologic width.
970
971
used for cutting
incisors
972
incisors
flat with ------ biting edge
incisors
flat with horizontal biting edge
973
tf incisors are single rooted
T
974
tf incisors are only teeth with mamelons
T
975
incisors
cut food and ant. guidance
976
help to support the lip and maintain an esthetic appearance
incisors
977
articulate speech
incisors
978
incisors
The roots frequently incline or curve ----
The roots frequently incline or curve distally
979
tf
The distal crown contours of incisor are usually more rounded than the mesial
T
980
tf
The mesial contact areas of incisors appear more gingivally positioned
F
The distal contact areas appear more gingivally positioned
981
982
used for piercing and tearing
canines
983
canine
longest teeth in mouth
984
eminent facially (esthetic support)
canines
985
cornestones of mouth
canine
986
tf canines have 2-3 roots
F single rooted
987
the only teeth to possess single conical cusp
canines
988
canine eminence
the positions and forms of canines and their anchorage in the bone, along with the bone ridge over the labial portions of the roots
989
canine eminence
significant estetic and cosmetic value
990
canine
help form a foundation that ensures normal facial expression at the "corners" of the mouth
991
The distal crown contours of canines
are usually more rounded than the mesial
992
The distal contact areas of canines
appear more gingivally positioned
993
the roots of canine
frequently incline or curve distally
994
All teeth have facial height of contour in
cervical third of crown
995
All upper posterior teeth have
lingual height of contour in middle 1/3 of crown
996
All lower posterior teeth have lingual height of contour
more occlusally positioned than upper (middle 1/3 or junction of middle and occlusal 1/3)
997
All upper posterior teeth have ---- ----- lingual surface and a relatively------ buccal surface
All upper posterior teeth have 2 planar lingual surface and a relatively straight buccal surface
998
All lower posterior teeth have ----- ----- buccal surface and a relatively ----- lingual surface
All lower posterior teeth have 2 planar buccal surface and a relatively straight lingual surface
999
All proximal heights of contour ---- with proximal contact areas
All proximal heights of contour coincide with proximal contact areas
1000
Proximal contact areas of all ------- teeth generally are ------ and ----- to the midpoint of the crown
Proximal contact areas of all posterior teeth generally are buccal and occlusal to the midpoint of the crown
1001
Premolars replace (succeed)
primary molars
1002
Mandibular teeth erupt before
maxillary counterparts
1003
All anterior teeth and premolars are formed by
4 developmental lobes, 3 facial and 1 lingual
1004
Exception
Y-type mandibular 2nd premolar which has
5 lobes (3 facial and 2 lingual)
1005
All maxillary premolars have two cusps
of approximately equal size.
1006
tf
All mandibular premolars have two cusps of approximately equal size.
F
The mandibular premolars may have more than two cusps (i.e. Y-type P2) and the lingual cusps are less prominent.
1007
mandibular premolars incline significantly towards the
lingual
1008
Maxillary premolars are wider
buccolingually than mesiodistally
1009
The mandibular premolars have approximately equal
buccolingual and mesiodistal dimensions
1010
first premolar is usually larger than the second
max premolars
1011
second premolar is usually larger than the first
mandibular premolar
1012
maxillary first premolar is the only premolar that normally has ---- root branches
maxillary first premolar is the only premolar that normally has two root branches
1013
(All premolars “succeed” (erupt in the positions of) the
primary molars
1014
hexagon shape
max P1
1015
oval;diamond
maxP2;Mand P1
1016
square
Mand P2
1017
3 to 5 cusps
permanent molars
1018
tf largest occlusal surfaces of any teeth is of pre molars
F
molars
1019
2;3 roots
low molar; upper molars
1020
1 lobe/ cusp
all molars
1021
used for grinding
molars
1022
pulp horn;lobe; cusp
1;1;1;
molars
1023
all molars
one lobe per cusp
1024
considered cornerstones to development of occlusion
all molars
1025
Permanent molars erupt
distal to primary dentition
1026
upper post teet; lower post teeth
2 planar lingual surface and a relatively straight buccal surface; 2 planar buccal surface and a relatively straight lingual surface
1027
molar
All proximal heights of contour coincide with proximal contact areas
1028
Proximal contact areas of all posterior teeth generally are
------ and ------ to the midpoint of the crown
Proximal contact areas of all posterior teeth generally are buccal and occlusal to the midpoint of the crown
1029
wider buccolingually than mesiodistally
Maxillary molars
1030
wider mesiodistally than buccolingually
Mandibular molars
1031
are the most variable teeth morphologically
Upper and lower 3rd molars
1032
are second most variable teeth morphologically
maxillary lateral incisors
1033
Permanent mandibular first molars begin calcification
(formation) at birth
1034
which one erupts first
mandibular or maxillary counterpart
Mandibular teeth erupt before maxillary counterpart
1035
largest teeth in the maxillary arch
max molars
1036
Shorter occlusogingivally
ant tooth or max molars
permanent max molars
1037
max molars
largest; small
1st; 2nd molar
1038
Crowns of max molars are wider ---- than ----
Crowns are wider buccolingually than mesiodistally
1039
Three roots normally
permananent max molar
2 buccal 1 lingual
1040
Oblique ridge and distolingual groove
max molars
1041
rhomboid outline
max molars
| (M# heart)
1042
first max molars have
fifth cusp (Carabelli) and is smallest of cusps
1043
arrange the cusps of max molar based on size
ML
DB
MB
DL
(ML\>MB\>DB\>DL)
1044
erupts at age 18
max third molar
1045
sometimes congenitally missing
max 3rd molar
1046
Most variable tooth morphologically in the maxillary arch
max 3rd molar
1047
tf
max M3 is larger in all dimensions than M2
Smaller in all dimensions than M2
1048
short roots
Max M3
1049
roots pronounced and distal inclination
max m3
1050
irregular profile from the mesial and distal aspect
crown of M3
1051
Oblique ridge of Max M3
barely visible
1052
Common occlusal outline form is heart shaped due to very small or totally absent DL cusp
Max M3
1053
max m3
Pit and groove pattern more variable
1054
Crowns appear rectangular from the occlusal aspect
mand molar
1055
mand m1
crown is pentagonal
1056
mand molars Much larger than premolars except
occlusogingivally where they are slightly shorter
1057
arrange the mand molar in terms of size
M1
m2
M3
M1\>M2\>M3
1058
mand molar
Crowns are wider mesiodistally than buccolingually
1059
Always two lingual cusps of approximately the same size
mand molar
1060
Like their maxillary counterparts, no primary predecessors
mand molar
1061
proximal aspect of mand molar
crowns appear rhomboidal and are inclined toward the lingual
1062
M and D roots
mand molars
1063
no primary predecessors
mand molars
1064
No ------ in the primary dentition
No premolars in the primary dentition
1065
All primary teeth begin calcification process
4-5 months in utero
1066
All primary teeth emerge (erupt) by
age 2-3 years (2.5 years average)
1067
Roots of primary teeth complete formation approximately
1-2 years after eruption
1068
roots are about ---- formed at eruption
half
1069
Roots begin to resorb approximately---- years before ----
Roots begin to resorb approximately 2-3 years before exfoliation
1070
Primary dentition exists until beginning of ----- dentition with the emergence (eruption) of the permanent first molars at age -----
Primary dentition exists until beginning of mixed dentition with the emergence (eruption) of the permanent first molars at age six
1071
permanent 1st molars
erupt distal to the primary second molars
1072
permanent molars
have no primary predecessors
1073
Erupts at approximately age seven
Maxillary Central Incisor
1074
erupts at age 8
max lat incisors
1075
Mandibular Central Incisor
Erupts between age 6-7
1076
Erupts at age 7-8
Mandibular Lateral Incisor
1077
age 10
max second pre molars
1078
Maxillary First Premolar erupt
age 9
1079
max canine; mand canine
11-12;9-10
1080
erupt at age 9
mandib 1st pre-molar
1081
mandib 2nd pre-molar
erupt at age 10
1082
erupt at age 6
Maxillary First Molar
1083
erupt age 12
max second molar
1084
max 3rd molar
(Erupts at age 18+)
1085
Erupts at age 12
mand M2
1086
erupt at age 6
Mandibular First Molar
1087
1088
4 lobes 1 cusp 1 root 1 root canal
Max central incisor
lateral incisor
canine
1089
tf max P1 have 1 cusp 1 root 1 root canal
F
have 2 of each
1090
tf max and mandible
central incisor lat incisor and canine P1 have 5 lobes
F
all have 4 lobes
1091
tf all teeth have facial cervical HOC at Cervical 1/3
T
1092
nill distal contact
M3( max and mindible)
1093
only teeth to have incisal 1/3 distal contact
(others are middle 1/3)
(maxilla central incisor is at junction)
Mandible central incisor
Lateral incisor
1094
distal contact at junction
maxilla central incisor
1095
middle 1/3 mesial contact
maxilla, mandible
P1
P2
M1 M2M3
1096
max and mandible central incisor
incisal 1/3 contact
mesial contact
1097
diff between mesial contact of maxilla , mandible
lat incisor and canine
maxilla
junction
mandible
middle 1/3
1098
1 or 2 roots canals on mandible
lat incisor
1099
1 or 2 roots on mandible
canine
1100
2 cusps on mandible
P1
1101
4 lobes on mandible
Central incisor
lat incisor
canine
P1
M2
1102
4 or 5 cusps on maxila
M1
1103
4:3 cusp on maxilla
M2;M3
1104
3 roots on maxilla
M1-M3
1105
3 or 4 root canals on maxila
M1 or M2
1106
tf M3 of maxilla has 2 cusps roots root canals
F
alll 3
1107
tf P2 and M2 have 4 lobes on maxilla
T
1108
tooth on maxilla with 5 lobes
M1
1109
4 or 5 lobes
M3 on maxilla
1110
lobes; cusps; roots on maxilla
4;2;1;
vs 4;4;3
P2 vs. M2
1111
tooth on maxilla with 4 or 5 cusps
M1
1112
3 or 4 root canals on maxilla
M1 or M2
1113
4 or 5 lobes on maxilla
M3
1114
cervical 1/3 lingual hoc on mandible
central inc, lat inc, canine
1115
tf all teeth on mandible have middle 1/3 distal contact
F
central and lat incisor dont
1116
only teeth on mandible that don;t have middle 1/3 mesial contact, but have incisal 1/3
central incisor
lat incisor
canine
1117
cervical 1/3 lingual hoc
central incisor, lat incisor, canine
on mandible
1118
tf most of teeth on mandible have middle 1/3 lingual hoc
T
except incisors and canine
1119
only teeth of mandible to have 5 lobes
P1 , P2
1120
tf M3 of mandible can have only 4 lobes
F
4 or 5
1121
4 or 5 lobes, cusps
M3 of mandible
1122
4 lobes and 2 cusps on mandible
P1
1123
lobes; cusps. roots on mandible
5;5;2
M1
1124
3 or 4 root canals on mandible
M1, M2
1125
4;4;2 on mandible
| (lobes, cusps, roots)
M2
1126
3 or 4 root canals on mandible
M1,M2
1127
tf M3 of mandible can have 1 root canal
F
2 to 4
1128
3 or 4 root canals on mandible
M1,M2
1129
2;1;1
cusps;roots; root canal
of mandible
P1 on mandible
1130
1 or 2 roots on mandible
canine
1131
5;5;2
lobe; cusps;roots of mandible
M1
1132
4;4;2
root, crown, lobe
of mandible
M2
1133
3 or 4 root canals on mandible
M1 M2
1134
2;1;1
cusp; roots; root canal
on mandible
P1
1135
2 or 3 cusps on mandible
P2
1136
1 or 2 roots on mandible
canine
1137
2 roots on mandible
M1
M2
M3
1138
5 lobes and cusps vs
4 lobes and cusps
on mandible
M1 vs. M2
1139
3 or 4 root canals on mandible
M1 and M2
1140
1141
mandibular incisors
are like moving blades against the stationary maxillary incisors
1142
golden proportion
x
.62x
.62\*.62xoAccessory Canals
