Alkynes Flashcards
What are alkynes ?
Hydrocarbons that contain carbon-carbon triple bonds
What are alkynes also called?
Acetylenes
Are alkynes common in nature?
Not as common as alkenes
What do plants use to protect themselves?
Alkynes
What is cicutoxin ?
A toxic compound found in water hemlock, and capillin protects a plant against fungal disease
Which functional group is uncommon in drugs?
Alkyne
What is parsalmide?
Used as analgesic
What is ethynyl estradiol?
Common ingredient in birth control pills
What is dynemicin A?
Antibacterial compound that is being tested as an antitumor agent
What is the shape of alkyne ?
Linear, sp hybridized
In alkynes the triple bond is made of what?
One sigma bond and two pi bonds
How can most alkynes can be named?
Acetylene with one or two alkyl substituents
What is terminal alkyne ?
Triple bond comes at the end of a carbon chain
What is internal alkyne ?
The triple bond is located somewhere other than the end of the carbon chain
What is the most commercial alkyne ?
Acetylene
What is the largest use of acetylene ?
Fuel for the oxyacetylene welding torch
What are characteristics of acetylene?
Colorless, foul-smelling gas that burns in air with a yellow, sooty flame
What happens when the acetylene flame is supplied with pure oxygen?
The color turns to light blue, and the flame temperature increases
What is acetylene made from?
Coal or natural gas
What is the process of manufacturing acetylene from coal?
Heating lime and coke in an electric furnace to produce calcium carbide to which water is added forming acetylene and hydrated lime
Which is the most acidic hydrocarbon?
Terminal alkynes
What is acetylide ion ?
A strong base and a powerful nucleophile
It can displace a halide ion from a suitable substrate, giving a substituted acetylene
What is the application of acetylide ion?
What is the characteristic of ethchlorvynol
