Alkenes Flashcards
what are alkenes
unsaturated hydrocarbons
what is the general formula for an alkene
CnH2n
why are alkenes more reactive than alkanes
high electron density
double bonds contain which two types of bonds
pi and sigma bonds
what is a sigma bond
overlap of orbitals directly between the bonding atoms
what is a pi bond
sideways overlap of adjacent p-orbitals above and below the bonding C atoms
what are stereoisomers
same structural formula but different arrangements in space
what shape and bond angle is found in alkenes
trigonal planar 120
why does E/Z isomerism occur
there is restricted rotation around the double bond
two different groups must be attached to each carbon in the carbon carbon double bond
what is the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rule
when there is four different groups attached to the carbons
label the carbons directly attached
calculate atomic number of first event directly bonded to CC
higher atomic number = higher priority
if the highest priority groups are opposite sides of the carbon carbon double bond what type of E/Z isomerism is it
E
what is an electrophile
and electron pair acceptor
what is the test for alkenes
addition of bromine water
orange to colourless
what determines the stability of a carbocation
alkyl groups
the more alkyl groups attached to the carbocation the more stable the intermediate is
what are the reagents and conditions for making alcohols from alkenes
steam and an acid catalyst
