Alkenes Flashcards
what type of hydrocarbons are alkenes?
unsaturated hydrocarbons
what are unsaturated hydrocarbons?
Compounds that contain at least one carbon – carbon double bond (C=C) and
the elements carbon and hydrogen only.
what type of bonds to alkenes contain?
at least one double bond and rest single bonds
general formula of alkenes?
CnH2n
what is the functional group of alkenes?
carbon carbon double bond
what is a sigma bond?
formed by overlap from the end of orbitals
what are the different types of sigma bonding?
s + s = sigma bond between s orbitals
s + p = sigma bond between end of p orbital and s orbital
p + p = sigma bond between p orbital
what is pie bonding?
formed by sideways overlap of p orbitals
what orbitals can only do pie bodning?
p - orbitals
how to name alkene?
replace suffex ‘ane’ with ‘ene’ and number position with double bond
why are alkenes much more reactive?
as they have pie bonds that are strained and much weaker so are very prone to breaking
they have double bonds which mean there is an electron-rich region of the molecules that is susceptible to attack by things that are attracted to negatively charged (electrophile)
what is the typical reaction of alkenes?
heterolytic electrophile addition
what is heterolytic fission?
bond breaks and one of the atoms gets both binding electrons
what is electrophile? (from electrophilic)
electron pair acceptor
what is addition?
start of with two reactants and make on product
