Alkalisers

Question 1

what pH is severve acidosis

Answer 1

pH<7

Question 2

how can we buffer lactate

Answer 2

Na/H+ exchanger on SR
monocarboxlayse transporters, remove H+ and lactate from cell
Na/HCO3- transporter, acts as a buffer

Question 3

what happens if you disrupt the membrane potential

Answer 3

during high intesity exercise/faigue - more extracellualr K+
NA/K+ pumps cant keep up 
resting membrane potenial becomes -55mV
when AP comes, change is much smaller 
force generated is much less

Question 4

effect of NaHCO3- on high intesity endurance performance

Answer 4

longer time to exhaustion at 110% when NaHCO3- was provided
greater increase in lactate production
improved performance by 1.7%

Question 5

effect of NaHCO3- on acidosis following sprints

Answer 5

incraesed H+ in muscle
higher lactate
power output higher

Question 6

effect of training on buffering

Answer 6

increased ability to buffer
different results between trained and untrained
untrained will have a big difference when supplemented

Question 7

does bicarb loading improve performance

Answer 7

for single effort 1-7 seconds improves perfromance

Question 8

effectiveness of bicarb as a training load

Answer 8

increases lactate threshold 
increases buffering 
increases time to exhaustion 
bicarb along side training = greatest improvement 
 - exercise harder
 - more stress on the body = adaptations

Question 9

side effects of bicarb supplementaion

Answer 9

vomiting
diagorreah
dizzy/faint
could decrease perfomormance due to GI stress

Question 10

time to reach peak conc

Answer 10

100-150 minuets

Question 11

take .. before exercise

Answer 11

60-90 minutes

Question 12

best amount to take

Answer 12

0.3-0.5 g/kgBM

Question 13

best type of exercise

Answer 13

exercise where pH is limiting

1-7 minutes high intesnity exercise

Question 14

intracellular buffes in the body

Answer 14

PCr
Bicarbonate
Protein
Carnosine

Question 15

what is caronsine

Answer 15

dipeptide in animal flesh

made of L-histidine and beta alaine

Question 16

functions of caronsine

Answer 16

buffer
antioxidant
glycation and carbonylation prevention

Question 17

carosine synthesis

Answer 17

enters via diet
absobed into the heaptic portal as L-Histidine and B-alaine
combine in the muscle and to form carnosine

Question 18

effect of B-alaine after 10 weeks

Answer 18

step wise increase in carnsoine with B-alaine

Question 19

effect of B-alaine n rowing perfromance

Answer 19

as speed increases so does muscle carnosine

performance improvement - 4.3secs decrease in time

Question 20

B-alaine greatest effect on what type of events

Answer 20

longer than 1 minute

greatest effect in 1-4 minute events

Question 21

B-alaine effct on hiit training

Answer 21

train higher and harder

Question 22

how long doees it take for carnosine washout

Answer 22

16-20 weeks

Question 23

side effects of B-alaine

Answer 23

paresthesia - tingling hands, numbness 
affects choline trasnport 
 - hypertension 
 - weight gain 
 - disturbed vision 
 - performance decline