Alimentary Pharmacology

Question 1

Antacids?

Answer 1

contain magnesium or aluminium

neutralise gastric acid

Question 2

Alginates?

Answer 2

(gaviscon)

gel that floats on stomach contents and prevents reflux

Question 3

H2 receptor antagonist?

Answer 3

(ranitidine)

block histamine receptor thereby reducing acid secretion

Question 4

Proton pump inhibitor?

Answer 4

block proton pump and therefor reduce acid secretion

Question 5

agents that increase gut motility and emptying?

example?

Answer 5

pro kinetic agents

metoclopramide

Question 6

drug which decreases motility ?

Answer 6

loperamide

Question 7

3 mechanisms of anti-spasmodics?

Answer 7

anti-cholinergic muscarinic antagonists (hyoscine, buscopan)
direct smooth muscle
CCB

Question 8

4 types of laxatives?

Answer 8

bulk
osmotic
stimulant
softener

Question 9

Drugs for IBS: aminosalicylates

Answer 9

mesalazine

anti-inflammatory
oral or rectal administration
caution in renal impairment
adverse (GI upsets, Renal)

Question 10

Drugs for IBS: corticosteroids

Answer 10

anti-inflammatory

Question 11

Drugs for IBS: immunosuppressive

Answer 11

azathioprine

prevents the formation of purines needed for DNA synthesis so reduced immune cell proliferation

Question 12

Drugs for IBS: biologics

Answer 12

Ant-TNFa antibody

addresses inflammatory response but not the underlying disease

Question 13

how do we consider the severity of liver disease?

Answer 13

Child-Pugh classification

<7 = A
7-9 = B
>9 = C

Question 14

what is cholestyramine?

Answer 14

a drug used for pruritis

binds to bile salts excreting them as insoluble complexes

Question 15

a drug for gallstones?

Answer 15

Ursodeoxycholic acid

alters cholesterol formation and helps break down gall stones over time