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Occupational Therapy > Ald > Flashcards

Ald Flashcards

1
Q

What is ADL?

A

Is term used to collectively describe fundamental skills required to independently care for oneself

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2
Q

What is the use of ADL?

A

Is used as an indicator of persons functional status

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3
Q

What are the family members of ADL?

A

Are primary sources such as assistance
Spouses provide 38% of assistance, followed by daughter 19% , other relatives 12%, sons

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4
Q

What are 9 activities of daily living

A

Bathing, showering
Toileteting and toilet hygiene
Dressing
Swallowing / Eating
Feeding
Functional mobility
Personal devices care
Personal hygiene and grooming

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5
Q

What symptoms can impact on the successful completion of activities

A

Pain fatigue weakness motor skill impairment and balance

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6
Q

What is motor skills

A

Are basis for any bodily movement which is an intentional movement involving a motor or muscular component

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7
Q

Motor skills must be learned and voluntarily produced to be capable perform for what

A

A goal oriented task

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8
Q

Motor skills divided into two

A

Basic: skills necessary for everyday life activities
Recreational: optional skill based on interests and aptitudes

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9
Q

Basic is divided into two

A

Gross motor skills : skill involving the whole body ( sitting walking climbing stairs )
Fine motor skills: skills requiring fine manipulation of fingers and hands ( grasping writing typing )

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10
Q

What is gross motor skills

A

Are the movement which involve the use of the large muscles

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11
Q

What is the uses of gross motor skills when it come to muscle

A

Crawling
Standing up
Climbing yap stairs
Walking and running

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12
Q

What is fine motor skills/ dexterity

A

Are the coordination of small muscles in movement with the eyes and hand and fingers that require the functioning of the extremities to manipulate objects

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13
Q

Fine motor skills play a tole of many activities of daily life what are they

A

Dressings, feeding, writing, drawing, picking up objects, and cutting

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14
Q

What does both hand movements require

A

Bilateral movement

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15
Q

Fine motor skill are made up of

A

Various motor components

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16
Q

What is bilateral hand coordination

A

Coordinated use of both hand together or using one hand as stabilizer and one hand as manipulating

17
Q

What are three components of bilateral coordination

A

Symmetrical movement
Alternating movement
Dominant hand / supporting hand movements

18
Q

What are the examples of the three components of bilateral coordination

A

Symmetrical: throwing with two hand , catching, using a rolling pain and clapping games

Alternating: drum or bongos , juggle and tying shoes

DH/SM: string beads to make jewelry, cutting with scissors, spreading butter on the bread , writing and drawing

19
Q

What are the bilateral activities

A

Ripping paper into small pieces
Building
Tracking activities
Beading
Lacing activities
Stabilizing paper with one hand while coloring or drawing with other
Ball skill pour water to put on another cup
Swimming
Reading

20
Q

What is gross grasp

A

Is used when squeezing all the fingers shut around on abject and it’s important for handwriting and scissors use

21
Q

What is pinch grasp

A

Is refers to pad to pad grip need to pick up small bead sized objects

22
Q

Hand deformities / spasticity

A

Cerebral Palsy,
• Parkinson’s disease,
• Tourette’s syndrome,
• Sensory Integration Dysfunction, • Stroke
• Osteoarthritis

23
Q

What is 9 hole peg test

A

Is used measure finger dexterity in patient with various neurological digressions

24
Q

What is finger dexterity

A

The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the finger of one or both hand to grasp manipulate or assemble very small objects

25
Q

Which patient is for finger dexterity

A

Patient with stroke, brain injury. Parkinson’s, multiple sclerosis

26
Q

Building block gross motor skills are

A

• Muscle Strength
• Posture and Balance
• Coordinated movement of both sides of the body
• Eye hand coordination
• Spatial Awareness

27
Q

Spatial awareness is what

A

Awareness of the body in space and in relation to the environment

28
Q

What are the Indications that someone may have a deficit in spatial awareness

A

• difficulties pinpointing the location of something they see, hear or feel
• issues navigating through their environment when walking or driving.
• problems gauging distance from an object, such as when walking, driving, or reaching for things

29
Q

What posterior parietal cortex (PPC)

A

An area of the brain often associated with planning movements and spatial awareness and plays crucial role in making decisions about images in the field of view

30
Q

Visualization of rotation test

A

1) study how the object in the top line of the question is rotated,
(2) picture in your mind what the object shown in the middle line of the question looks like when rotated in exactly the same manner, and
(3) select from among the five drawings (A, B, C, D, or E)

31
Q

Building blocks fine motor skills

A
  • postural control
  • shoulder girdle stability ( flexibility and strength of shoulder and upper body
  • sense of touch
  • hand function
  • bilateral coordination
  • visual perception
  • visual motor integration ( skills that allow us to use our eyes hand in coordinated and efficient way
32
Q

What are the interventions for ADL

A

Dressing
Eating drinking
Toileting
Bathing
Grooming
In art and craft
In performing music
In game and play
In sport and exercise

33
Q

What are the skill required for dressing task

A

Fine motor
Visual motor
Visual perceptual
Bilateral hand use / bilateral integration
Pinch and grip strength

34
Q

What to avoid for dressing

A

Avoid tight fitting garments
Avoid small fastening
Avoid shoes with laces

35
Q

What are the dressing AIDS

A

Reacher
Button hooks
Zipper pull ring
Dressing sticks
Sock aids

36
Q
A

Adapt

Occupational Therapy (12 decks)

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