Alcohols

Question 1

alcohol

Answer 1

an organic compound containing an OH functional group - polarity of the OH group means that alcohols can form hydrogen bonds and are soluble in water - they also have a low volatility compared to alkanes

Question 2

dehydration

Answer 2

a type of elimination reaction where water is removed from a saturated molecule to form a saturated molecule

Question 3

distillation

Answer 3

separation of the components of a liquid mixture by evaporating and condensing due to differences in boiling points

Question 4

primary alcohol

Answer 4

carbon atom containing the OH is directly bonded to one other carbon atom/alkyl group

Question 5

reflux

Answer 5

continual boiling and condensing of a reaction mixture without loss of volatile product

Question 6

aldehyde

Answer 6

an organic compound containing the -CHO functional group - formed from the partial oxidation of primary alcohols

Question 7

alkene

Answer 7

organic compound containing a C=C double bond - can be formed from alcohols via the elimination of H2O using an acid catalyst and heat

Question 8

carboxylic acid

Answer 8

organic compound containing the COOH functional group - can be formed from the full oxidation of primary alcohols

Question 9

ketone

Answer 9

organic compound with a C=O functional group in the middle of the alkane chain - formed from the oxidation of a secondary alcohol