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chemistry > Alcohols > Flashcards

Alcohols Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the functional group of a aldehyde ?

A

C double bond O and single bond H

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2
Q

Name this molecule.

CH3CH2CH2CHO

A

Butan-1-al

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3
Q

What is the functional group of a ketone ?

A

A carbon chain with a carbon in the middle with a C double bond O

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4
Q

Name this molecule.

CH3CH2COCH3

A

Butan-2-one

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5
Q

What is the functional group of a carboxylic acid ?

A

End C with a double bond O and also a OH

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6
Q

Name this molecule.

CH3COOH

A

Ethanoic acid

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7
Q

What is the reagent of direct hydration ?

A

H2O

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8
Q

What are the conditions of direct hydration ?

A

Concentrated H3PO4
High temperature
High pressure

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9
Q

What is the formula for glucose ?

A

C6H12O6

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10
Q

What are the condtions of fermentation ?

A

Yeast catalyst
Absence of O2
Temp of 30-40

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11
Q

Why can fermentation only take place at temp 30-40 ?

A

Below 30 reaction is too slow above 40 the enzyme denatures

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12
Q

What is the formula for photosynthesis ?

A

6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 +6O2

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13
Q

What is the formula for fermentation ?

A

C6H12O6 -> 2CH3CH2OH +2CO2

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14
Q

What is the formula for combustion of ethanol ?

A

2CH3CH2OH +6O2 -> 4CO2 +6H20

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15
Q

What is the name of the reaction during the elimination of alcohols ?

A

Dehydration

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16
Q

What are the condtions of elimination of a alcohol ?

A

Hot concentrated H2SO4

17
Q

What is the test for alcohols and what is observed ?

A

Add K2Cr2O7 and if alcohol is present will turn from orange to green

18
Q

What is the conditions and reagent for oxidation of a primary alcohol to a aldehyde ?

A

Acidified K2Cr2O7
heat under distillation

19
Q

What is the reaction equations of oxidation of a primary alcohol to a aldehyde ?

A

CH3CH2OH + [O] -> CH3CHO + H2O

20
Q

What is the conditions and reagent for oxidation of a aldehyde to a carboxylic acid?

A

Acidified K2Cr2O7
Heat under reflux

20
Q

What is the reaction equations of oxidation of a aldehyde to a carboxylic acid?

A

CH3CHO + [O] -> CH3COOH

20
Q

What are conditions and reagent for oxidation of a primary alcohol to a carboxylic acid?

A

Acidified K2Cr2O7
Heat under reflux

20
Q

What is the reaction equations of oxidation of a primary alcohol to a carboxylic acid?

A

CH3CH2OH + 2[O] -> CH3COOH +H2O

21
Q

What are the conditions and the reagent for oxidation of a secondary alcohol to a ketone ?

A

Acidified K2Cr2O7
Heat under reflux or distillation

21
Q

What is the reaction equation of oxidation of a secondary alcohol to a ketone ?

A

CH3CH(OH)CH3 + [O] -> CH3COCH3 + H20

22
Q

What can primary alcohols be oxidized into ?

A

Aldehydes and carboxylic acid

23
Q

What can secondary alcohols be oxidized into ?

A

Ketones

24
Q

What can tertiary alcohols be oxidized into ?

A

nothing

25
Q

What are the two tests for aldehydes and what are the observations when a aldehyde is present ?

A

Tollens reagent - silver mirror forms
Fehlings solution - brick red precipitate

26
Q

What is the test for carboxylic acids and what is observed when one is present ?

A

Na2CO3 - effervescence

chemistry (17 decks)

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