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chemistry > Acids and bases > Flashcards

Acids and bases Flashcards

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1
Q

Name the 4 strong acids.

A

Sulphuric acid H2SO4
Nitric acid HNO3
Hydrochloric acid HCL
Phosphoric acid H3PO4

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2
Q

What is an acid ?

A

A proton donor

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3
Q

What is a base ?

A

A proton acceptor

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4
Q

What is the difference between a strong and weak acid ?

A

Strong acid fully dissociates.

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5
Q

What is ph ?

A

-log [H+]

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6
Q

What is produced when an acid reacts with a metal ?

A

Salt and hydrogen

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7
Q

What is produced when an acid reacts with a metal oxide ?

A

Salt and water

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8
Q

What is produced when an acid reacts with a metal hydroxide ?

A

Salt and water

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9
Q

What is produced when an acid reacts with a metal carbonate ?

A

Salt, water and carbon dioxide

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10
Q

What is produced when an acid reacts with ammonia ?

A

ammonium salt

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11
Q

How do you go from [H+] to ph ?

A

10^-ph

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12
Q

How do you calculate ph of a weak acid ?

A

Ka = [H+][A-} / [HA]
[H+] = [A-]
rearrange for [H+]
use -log[H+]

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13
Q

Why cant you use Ka to calculate ph of a strong acid ?

A

Because strong acid fully dissociates

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14
Q

How do you calculate pKa ?

A

-log Ka

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15
Q

How do you calculate Ka from pKa ?

A

Ka = 10^-pKa

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16
Q

What is Kw and how do you calculate it ?

A

Ionic product of water
Kw = [H+][OH-] or [H+]^2

17
Q

Even though the PH water can be values other than 0 why is it still not acidic/alkaline ?

A

Because the concentration of the H+ ions is equal to the concentration of OH- ions

18
Q

What is the value of Kw at room temp ( 298k ) ?

A

1x10^-14

19
Q

What is the equation for the dissociation of water ?

A

H2O <-> H+ + OH-

20
Q

Why does changing the temperature of water change the PH ?

A

increasing the temperature shifts the equilibrium towards the right hand side (breaking bonds is endothermic ) the change in the position of the equilibrium changes the PH

21
Q

How do you find the PH of a strong base ?

A

Find the concentration of the base and find the concentration of the OH- ions rearrange Kw = [H+][OH-] to find conc of H+ and use -log

22
Q

On a acid base titration graph what indicates if there is a weak base/acid present ?

A

curve at the start/end of the graph

23
Q

Where is the neutralization point on a acid base titration graph ?

A

halfway up on the equivalence point

24
Q

How do you know if a indicator is suitable for a reaction ?

A

The colour change ph is on the equivalence point.

chemistry (17 decks)

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