Alcohol, Caffeine, and Drugs of Abuse Flashcards
abstinence syndrome
the signs and symptoms that occur on withdrawal of a drug in a dependent person
addiction
compulsive drug-using behavior in which the person uses the drug for personal satisfaction, often in the face of know risk to health
controlled substance
a drug deemed to have abuse liability that is listed on govt schedules of controlled substances
dependence
a state characterized by signs and symptoms when it is withdrawn from chronic use or when the dose is abruptly lowered
designer drug
a synthetic derivative of a drug with slightly modified structure
tolerance
a decreased response to a drug, necessitating larger doses to achieve the same effect
metabolic, behavioral or functional tolerance
sensitization
an increased response with repetition of the same dose of a drug
withdrawal
adaptive changes that become fully apparent once drug exposure is terminated
*evidence of physical dependence
schedule 1 drugs
no medical use
high addiction potential
ex: heroin
schedule 2 drugs
medical use
high addiction potential
ex: amphetamines
schedule 3 drugs
medical use
moderate abuse potential
ex: anabolic steroids
schedule 4 drugs
medical use
low abuse potential
ex: benzos
what are considered the drugs of abuse?
alcohol tobacco marijuana inhalants stimulants depressants hallucinogens narcotics PCP
most commonly abused painkillers
fentanyl
hydrocodone
oxycodone
most commonly abused depressants
alprazolam
zolpidem
zaleplon
most commonly abused stimulants
adderal
methylphenidate
stimulant overdose sx
agitation HTN tachy delusions hallucinations hyperthermia seizures death
stimulant withdrawal sx
apathy irritability increased sleep disorientation depression
barbiturate, benzo and alcohol overdose sx
slurred speech drunken behavior dilated pupils weak, rapid pulse clammy skin shallow resp coma death
barbiturate, benzo and alcohol withdrawal sx
anxiety insomnia delirium tremors seizures death
opioid overdose sx
constricted pupils clammy skin nausea drowsiness resp depression coma death
opioid withdrawal sx
nausea chills cramps lacrimation rhinorrhea yawning hyperpnea tremor
opioid receptor antagonists
naloxone (narcan)
naltrexone
synthetic opioid
methadone
