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Health > Alcohol and Tobacco > Flashcards

Alcohol and Tobacco Flashcards

1
Q

What is a psychoactive drug?

A

A chemical substance that changes the function of the nervous system and results in alterations of perception, mood, cognition, and behavior.

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2
Q

What does a depressant drug do?

A

It slows down the brain and body reactions.

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3
Q

What is ethanol and where is it found?

A

It is a type of alcohol/toxic substance found in plastics, lacquers, gasoline, and drugs.

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4
Q

What is one major component in alcohol?

A

Ethanol

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5
Q

What is fermentation?

A

The process of making alcohol.

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6
Q

What is the alcohol content for beer, wine, and hard liquor?

A

Beer is up to 4%. Wine is up to 10%. Hard liquor (whiskey, vodka, etc.) is up to 50%

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7
Q

What are the five factors that influence teen drinking?

A
  1. Peer pressure (main)
  2. Family
  3. Media
  4. Escape reality
  5. Boredom
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8
Q

Where does alcohol go after consumption?

A

It goes directly into the bloodstream.

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9
Q

What is intoxication?

A

A state in which a person’s mental and physical abilities are impaired by alcohol.

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10
Q

What are 4 effects of intoxication?

A
  1. Loss of judgement
  2. Loss of self-control
  3. Loss of inhibitions (you do things you would not normally do)
  4. Blackouts (cannot recall events)
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11
Q

What is Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)? What is percentage in which you are classified as drunk?

A

The amount of alcohol in a person’s blood, expressed as a percentage. 0.1% means that one-tenth of 1% of the fluid in the blood is alcohol. Anything at 0.08% or over is considered drunk.

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12
Q

What are the four factors that affect BAC?

A
  1. Rate of consumption
  2. Gender (women will get drunk faster)
  3. Body size
  4. Amount of food in the stomach
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13
Q

What is binge drinking?

A

The consumption of excessive amounts of alcohol in one sitting (Extremely dangerous)

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14
Q

What is a hangover? What are four common symptoms?

A

This the term used to describe the aftereffects of drinking. This could be nausea, vomiting, headaches, or sensitivity to noise.

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15
Q

How old must you be to legally buy and consume alcohol? (In the USA)

A

21

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16
Q

What percent of fatal motor crashes have alcohol involved?

A

40%

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17
Q

What is the technical term for “drunk driving”?

A
  1. Driving While Intoxicated (DWI)
    OR
  2. Driving Under Influence (DUI)
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18
Q

What are seven long-term physical risks of alcohol consumption?

A
  1. Brain damage
  2. Fetal alcohol syndrome
  3. Liver damage (could lead to Cirrhosis)
  4. Heart disease
  5. High blood pressure
  6. Strokes
  7. Cancers
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19
Q

What is alcoholism?

A

A disease in which people can no longer control their intake of alcohol.

20
Q

Who is at risk of becoming on alcoholic?

A

Anyone who drinks but the children of alcoholics are five times more likely to get into alcohol.

21
Q

What are the 3 stages of alcoholism? (explain)

A
  1. Social drinker: meals and special occasions
  2. Absolute dependence: can’t start their day without a drink (can be hidden).
  3. Late stage: Experience serious mental and physical health problems (can’t be hidden)
22
Q

What are three effects alcoholism can have on those around the alcoholic?

A
  1. They can cause 10,000 deaths from car crashes per year.
  2. They abuse their families.
  3. Many of their children become alcoholics.
23
Q

What are the three steps to becoming sober?

A
  1. Acknowledge: you have a drinking problem
  2. Detoxification: remove all alcohol from your body (withdrawal)
  3. Rehabilitation: learning to cope without alcohol
24
Q

What are three popular alcohol support groups?

A
  1. AA: Alcoholics Anonymous
  2. MADD: Mothers Against Drunk Driving
  3. SADD: Students Against Drunk Driving
25
Q

What is Sobriety?

A

Completely refraining from a particular behavior or substance.

26
Q

What is another name for tobacco? Name a death statistic.

A

“Noxious Weed”. Tobacco use is the number 1 cause of preventable death in the world (8 million per year).

27
Q

Name four tobacco preoducts.

A
  1. Cigarettes
  2. Cigars
  3. Pipes
  4. Smokeless tobacco
28
Q

What is a habit?

A

A regular practice or tendency that is hard to give up.

29
Q

What is an addictive drug?

A

A substance that causes physiological or psychological dependence.

30
Q

What is nicotine?

A

The addictive drug form (agent) in tobacco.

31
Q

What is a stimulant?

A

A drug that increases the action of the Central Nervous System.

32
Q

What are four toxic elements found in tobacco products?

A
  1. 43 different cancer-causing carcinogens
  2. 5,000 chemicals
  3. Tar: a thick, sticky, dark fluid that destroys the cilia, damages the aveoli, and destroys lung tissues
  4. Carbon monoxide: a poisonous gas that deprives tissues and cells of oxygen and causes the arteries to harden
33
Q

By how many years is the life expectancy shortened for smokers?

A

10 years

34
Q

What are two harmful effects of pipes/cigars?

A
  1. Contain more tar and carbon monoxide than cigarettes
  2. Higher risk of lip, mouth, and throat cancers (oral)
35
Q

What is Leukoplakia?

A

White leathery looking spots on the inside of the mouth and/or nose that can turn into oral cancer.

36
Q

What are four long term effects of tobacco?

A
  1. Craving sensation (brain)
  2. Withdrawal symptoms (brain)
  3. Increased respiration (breathing)
  4. Dulls taste buds
37
Q

What are four long term effects of tobacco?

A
  1. Chronic bronchitis (damage cilia)
  2. Emphysema (destroys air ways - can’t breathe)
  3. Lung cancer
  4. Coronary heart disease and stroke
38
Q

What are two problems of tobacco use that do not involve health?

A
  1. Legal problems (must be 21)
  2. Financial problems (very expensive)
39
Q

What are four reasons why some teens choose to smoke?

A
  1. Peer pressure
  2. Control weight
  3. Cope with stress
  4. Make them seem like mature adults
40
Q

What is Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS)?

A

A.K.A. secondhand smoke is air that has been contaminated by tobacco smoke.

41
Q

What are the two types of ETS?

A
  1. Mainstream smoke: smoke exhaled from the lungs of a smoker
  2. Sidestream smoke: smoke from the burning end of a cigarette
42
Q

What are four effects of ETS on nonsmokers?

A
  1. Eye irritation
  2. Coughing
  3. Worsened asthma
  4. Lung cancer
43
Q

What are four effects of smoking on unborn babies?

A
  1. Miscarriage
  2. Addiction
  3. Deformities
  4. Still births
44
Q

What are three effects of ETS and smoking on children?

A
  1. Increased risk of SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome)
  2. Increased risk of asthma
  3. More likely to smoke as adults
45
Q

How do electronic cigarettes work? What are some common names for them?

A

A.K.A vapes, vape pens, and JUULs. They use a battery to heat up a liquid called “e-juice” into an aerosol that users inhale. “e-juice” usually contains nicotine or cannabis, flavoring, and other chemicals.

46
Q

What are 5 short term dangers of tobacco?

A
  1. Rapid onset coughing
  2. Breathing difficulties
  3. Weight loss
  4. Nausea and vomiting
  5. Diarrhea
47
Q

What are four forms of treatment for tobacco use?

A
  1. Gum
  2. Nicotine patches
  3. Support groups
  4. Exercise

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