Alcohol Flashcards
C-OH?
Methanol
What percentgge of people are teetotal?
10%
What is recommendedalcohol intake for women a week?
14-21 units
Whast is recommended alcohol intake for men a week?
21-28 units
What is defined as a heavy drinker?
Men drinking over 7 units a day
Women drinking over 5 units a day
What is defined as ganerous consumption of alcohol per week?
Males over 50 units
Females over 35 units
When thinking abotu the alcohol cost equation is debit or credit worse?
Debit is only 2 billion and credit is 7 billion!
What social harm does alacohol play the largest part in?
- Fire deaths
- Suicides
- Head injuries
What are safe levels to drink a day?
2-3 units if female
3-4 units if male
What blood tests are abnormal in alcohol dependence?
GGT
CDT
MCV
wHAT IS alcohol content expressed as?
Percentage alcohol by volume (%abv)
What does 1ml of alcohol weigh?
0.79 grams
What is volume of 1 pint?
568mls
What is the equation for the amount of alcohol in grams?
Volume consumed (ml) x %abv x 0.79 (g/ml)
What is the UK unit of alcohol?
10ml of alcohol
8g pure alcohol
What is half a pint of weak beer 3.5%?
1 unit
What is one small <100ml glass of wine 12%?
1 unit
What is 28ml of spiri?
1 unit
What accelerates the absoprtion of alcohol?
Gastric emptying: tolerance and gastrectomy
What slows absorption of alcohol?
Food in stomach, drugs
How much alcohol is absorbed from the stomach and small intestine?
20% from stomach
80% from small intestine
What does rate of alcohol absorption depend on?
Rate of gastric emptying
Type of drink (strenght, effect of congeners)
What is optimum strength of alcohol for absorption?
10-20%
Name a drink which is absorbed quickly?
Champagne necause high conc and bubbles
Why is beer absorbed slowly?
Low conc, congeners
When is absorption complete by?
1 to 3 hours
What is the rate of elimination?
10-20 mg of alcohol/100mls of blood an hour
How do you work out the concentration at T hours?
Concentration at time 0 - (elimination rate x time)
Assuming 100% absorption and instant distribution, what is equation for Co?
weight alcohol consumed x 100.
Divided by body weight kg x W.F.
When can you detect breath alcohol?
1-2 hours after drinking
What is blood alcohol to breath alcohol ration?
2300:1
When does BAC more than VHAC occur?
During absorption
At equilibrium what is ratioj of vitreous humour to blood alcohol?
Blood alcohol is less than VHAC ratio of 0.8
Can you reliably predict BAC from VHAC?
No
What does VHAC corroborate?
PM BAC
When is UAC less than blood?
during absorption pahse
What does alcohol dissolve in?
Water
Distributed via bloostream- taken up from blood by tissues in proportion to their water content
What has higher water contnet, muscle or fat?
Muscle