AKI

Question 1

What is the main characteristic of AKI based on measurement changes

Answer 1

-increase creatine for 0.3 within 48 hours
-increase creatine for 50% within 7 days
-decrease urine output at least 0.5 within 6 hours

Question 2

What is the main causes of prerenal AKI

Answer 2

-hypovolemia (hemorrhage, dehydration)
-decrease effective circulation (HF, LF)
-drugs (VC of afferent NSAIDs, tacrolimus and VD of efferent ACEI and ARB)

Question 3

The most common of AKI in hospitalized patient

Answer 3

-acute tubular necrosis

Question 4

What is the main causes of acute tubular necrosis

Answer 4

-hypoxic (secondary to prerenal)
-toxic (secondary to toxic substances as aminoglycosides, rhabdomyolysis, Hburia)

Question 5

What are the causes of the acute interstital nephritis

Answer 5

5P’S
-pee (diuretics)
-pain free (NSAIDs)
-penicillins and cephalosporins
-proton pump inhibitora
-rifamPin
-Sulfa drugs

Question 6

What is the main pathological cause that leads to postrenal azotemia

Answer 6

-bilateral obstruction

Question 7

What is the causes that leads to postrenal azotemia

Answer 7

-stones
-neoplasm (compression)
-BPH

Question 8

What is the diagnostic value of serum BUN/Cr in case prerenal

Answer 8

->20

Question 9

What is the diagnostic value of serum Na urine and fraction excretion of Na in case prerenal

Answer 9

-<20
-<1%

Question 10

What is the diagnostic value of serum urine osmolality in case prerenal

Answer 10

> 500

Question 11

What is the diagnostic value of serum BUN/Cr in case intrinsic AKI

Answer 11

-<15

Question 12

What is the diagnostic value of Na urine and fraction excretion of Na in case intrisic

Answer 12

->40
->2%

Question 13

What is the diagnostic value of serum urine osmolality in case intrinsic

Answer 13

-<350