Airspace/ATS Routes

Question 1

What is an ATZ?

Answer 1

Aerodrome Traffic Zone
Airspace of defined dimensions established around an aerodrome for the protection of aerodrome traffic.

Question 2

Dimensions of an ATZ?

Answer 2

Surface to 2000’ AGL with a radius of 2Nm centred on the midpoint of the longest RWY (less than
1850m).
If RWY is longer than 1850m, this is extended to 2.5nm

Question 3

What is a CONTROL ZONE? (CTR)

Answer 3

Controlled airspace which extends UPWARDS FROM THE SURFACE.

Extend to at least 5Nm from the CENTRE of the aerodrome

Question 4

What is a CTA?

Answer 4

Control Area
Controlled airspace which extends upwards from a notified altitude or flight level

Cant be from the surface!

Question 5

What is a TMA?

Answer 5

Terminal Control Area

A Control area established at the Meeting of ATS routes

• can be in the vicinity of one or more major aerodromes.
• May encompass a CTA (Control Area)

Question 6

What is an Airway?

Answer 6

A control area or portion thereof established in
the form of a CORRIDOR.

Question 7

What other TYPE of routes exist?

Answer 7

• CDR - Conditional Route
• DRA - Direct Route Airspace- evolving to Free.
  Route Airspace operations.
• TSA - Temporary Segregated Area
• TRA - Temporary Reserved Area
• RMZ - Radio Mandatory Zone
• TMZ - Transponder Mandatory/Zone

Question 8

What is DRA?

Answer 8

Direct Route Airspace
Where ATS routes are removed at levels indicated in AIP and is part of the evolution to Free Route Airspace operations.

Question 9

What is an RMZ?

Answer 9

Radio Mandatory Zone

Airspace of defined dimensions wherein the carriage and operation of radio equipment is mandatory.

Question 10

What should AC do before and during entering an RMZ?

Answer 10

• Establish two-way communication before entering the RMZ
• Maintain a continuous monitoring of air-ground frequency
  (voice communication watch)

Question 11

If an AC cannot establish two way radio communications to enter an RMZ what should it do?

Answer 11

Remain outside

If unable to establish two-way radio communication with the designated ANSP the pilot is to remain outside the RMZ

Question 12

What is considered to be 2 way radio communication?

Answer 12

Two-way comms are considered to be achieved when the following have been passed;
- Callsign
- A/C Type
- Position
- Level
- Flight rules
- Intentions
- and has received acknowledgement from ATC

Question 13

What is a TMZ?

Answer 13

Transponder Mandatory Zone (TMZ)

Airspace of defined dimensions within which aircraft are required to carry and operate a
Mode S SSR transponder

Question 14

How is Airspace classified?

Answer 14

Controlled Airspace
- A, B, C, D, E

Advisory Airspace
- F

Other Airspace (Uncontrolled Airspace)
-G

Question 15

What is the rule where ATS Airspace adjoin vertically?

Answer 15

Aircraft shall follow rules of the LESS restrictive class of Airspace.

Question 16

Can Aircraft fly in formation?

Answer 16

Aircraft shall NOT be flown in formation EXCEPT;

by pre-arrangement among the pilots-in-command and, in controlled airspace (Red Arrows)

Question 17

When may formation fly in Controlled Airspace?

Answer 17

In accordance with the conditions prescribed by the CAA which include:
- One of the pilots-in-command is flight leader.
- OPERATES AS A SINGLE AIRCRAFT with regard to reporting.

Separation between each AC
-shall be responsibility of the flight leader and other pilots.

Question 18

What parameters are set for a formation to be considered as one speaking unit?

Answer 18

For state (military) aircraft, separation according to Chicago convention a distance NOT exceeding;

• 0.5 nm (1km) laterally and longitudinally
• 100ft (30m) vertically from the flight leader

Question 19

How does a formation impact ATS?

Answer 19

ATSU’s treat formations as a single unit for separation purposes.
(“Red Flight”)

Question 20

Which organisation regulates aircraft dropping or spraying?

Answer 20

States national authority (CAA)

and in accordance with;
- union/national legislation
- ATC clearance

Question 21

Class A Airspace

Answer 21

IFR Only (VFR not permitted)
Separation between all Flights
Must have ATC Clearance
Maintain 2 way Comms at all times

(No Speed Limit)

Question 22

Class B Airspace

Answer 22

IFR & VFR Allowed
Separation between all Flights
Must have ATC Clearance
Maintain 2 way Comms at all times
No Speed Limit

(Not in the UK)

Question 23

Class C Airspace

Answer 23

IFR & VFR Allowed
Separation between IFR /IFR and IFR/VFR
- VFR/VFR - Traffic Info (Avoidance on RQ)
Must have ATC Clearance
Maintain 2 way Comms at all times
Speed Limit VFR IAS 250Kts under 10,000ft

Question 24

Class D Airspace

Answer 24

IFR & VFR Allowed
Separation between IFR /IFR
- IFR/VFR - Traffic Info (vice versa) (avoidance)
- VFR/VFR - Traffic Info (Avoidance on RQ)
Must have ATC Clearance
Maintain 2 way Comms at all times
Speed Limit
- All flight IAS 250Kts under 10,000ft

Question 25

Class E Airspace

Answer 25

IFR & VFR Allowed
Separation between IFR /IFR
- VFR/VFR & IFR/VFR - Traffic Info (Avoidance on RQ)
IFR must have ATC Clearance
IFR must have Radio Comms
Speed Limit - all flights IAS 250Kts under 10,000ft

Question 26

Class F Airspace

Answer 26

Advisory Service to PARTICIPATING flights
IFR & VFR Allowed
ATC Clearance NOT required
All flights receive FIS if requested
Radio Comms required for IFR
Speed Limit - ALL flights IAS 250Kts under 10,000ft

Question 27

Class G Airspace

Answer 27

IFR & VFR flights Allowed
FIS Available is requested
IFR must have Radio Comms
ATC clearance is not required.
Speed Limit - all flights IAS 250Kts under 10,000ft

Question 28

What classes are controlled?

Answer 28

A, B, C, D, E

Question 29

Other Airspace

Answer 29

Class G

Question 30

What is Class F Airspace?

Answer 30

Advisory Airspace

Question 31

What info do ATCOs need to provide an ATC service?

Answer 31

• Intended movement of each aircraft,
• The actual progress of each aircraft.
• The relative positions of known aircraft to each other;
• Issue clearances and information for the purpose
  of preventing collision between aircraft under its control
• expediting and maintaining an orderly flow of traffic;
• Coordinate clearances as necessary with other units:
• Whenever an aircraft might otherwise conflict with traffic operated under the control of such other units;
• Before transferring control of an aircraft to such other units

Question 32

Where is ADS provided?

Answer 32

Provided within advisory airspace/routes where Air Traffic Control is insufficient, to ensure
separation, in so far as practical, between aircraft which are operating on IFR flight plans

Question 33

Where is an FIS provided?

Answer 33

Provided to aircraft which are likely to be AFFECTED by the information and which are:
- A/CPROVIDED with air traffic control service
- Otherwise KNOWN to the relevant air traffic services units

Question 34

What info is provided under a FIS?

Answer 34

• SIGMET and AIRMET information;
• Information concerning pre-eruption volcanic activity,
• Information on the atmosphere of radioactive materials or toxic chemicals;
• Information on changes in the availability of radio navigation services;
• Changes in condition of aerodromes and
• Information on the state of the aerodrome movement areas when they are affected by snow, ice or significant depth of water;
• Information on unmanned free balloons
  and of
• Any information likely to affect safety;
• Weather conditions reported or forecast at
  departure, destination and alternate aerodromes;
• Collision hazards, to aircraft operating in airspace
  Classes C, D, E, F and G;
  -info on vessels on water