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WELL AP - Practice Exam 03/08/2020 > Air Concept 2 > Flashcards

Air Concept 2 Flashcards

1
Q

How many deaths are caused by air pollution annually?

A

50,000 in US

7 million worldwide (1 in 8)

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2
Q

How much air do we breathe per day?

A

15,000 liters

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3
Q

What are the 6 major air pollutants?

A
  1. Carbon Monoxide (CO)
  2. Lead (Pb)
  3. Nitrogen dioxode
  4. Ozone
  5. Particultates (PM10 and PM 2.5)
  6. Sulfur Dioxide
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4
Q

How many Air features are there and how many preconditions/optimizations?

A

29 features
12 Preconditions
17 optimizations

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5
Q

01 - Air Quality, part 1, VOCs:

what are the levels for Formaldehyde and total VOCs?

A

Formaldehyde is 27 ppb

VOCs less than 500 ug/m3

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6
Q

01-part 2, particulates and inorganics:

what are the 4 types?

A
  1. Carbon monoxoide
  2. Fine Particles (PM 2.5)
  3. Coarse Particles (PM 10)
  4. Ozone
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7
Q

01-Part3, Radon:

where is it measured and what’s the threshold?

A

4 pCi/L at lowest occupied level of building

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8
Q

02-Smoking Ban:

How much does smoking shorten life expectancy?

A

10 years

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9
Q

02-Smoking Ban:

how many ingredients are in a cigarette and how many are toxic?

A

600 ingredients burn to form 7,000 compounds of which 69 are known carcinogens

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10
Q

02-Smoking Ban, part 2: Outdoor Ban

How large is the area in which smoking is banned?

A

Full Ban Within 25ft of entrances,
and all decks patios balconies,
and signage about smoking hazards along all walkways beyond 25ft with signs every 100’

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11
Q

03 Ventilation effectiveness -

which regulation sets standards for adequate ventilation?

A

ASHRAE 62.1.2013

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12
Q

03 Ventilation effectiveness - part 1 - design

Projects demonstrate that ambient air quality within 1 mi is compliant with what?

A

EPA’s NAAQs for 95% of all hours in previous year

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13
Q

03 Ventilation effectiveness - part 2 - (DCV) Demand Controlled Ventilation
A DCV system is used to keep CO2 levels below ___ppm, when the space is ___ or larger and occupancy is more than ___ people per _____ SF

A 
CO2 = 800 ppm
space = 500 SF or larger
occupancy = 25 people per 1,000 SF
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14
Q

03 Ventilation effectiveness - part 3 System Balancing

When does HVAC system get tested and balanced and what is the documentation required?

A

Systems get balanced after completion and before occupancy;

doc is an annotated CX Report

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15
Q

04 VOC Reduction - part 1 interior paints:

need to meet one of which 3 requirements?

A
  1. 100% of CARB or SCAQMD Rule 1113
  2. 90% by volume of CDPH
  3. ASTM standards
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16
Q

What’s ASTM

A

American Society of Testing & Materials, 12,000 standards

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17
Q

04 VOC Reduction - part 2 Adhesives and Sealants:

need to meet one of which 3 requirements?

A
  1. 100% SCAQMD Rule 1113
  2. 90% by volume of CDPH
  3. ASTM standards
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18
Q

04 VOC Reduction - part 3&4 - flooring and insulation:

both must meet what standard?

A
  1. 100% by volume of CDPH
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19
Q

04 VOC Reduction - part 5 - Furniture

must meet what standard?

A

95% by cost ANSI/BIFMA e3-2011

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20
Q

05 Air Filtration, Part 1 - Filter Accomodation

What two things must recirculated air systems be able to accomodate?

A
  1. rack space and fan capacity for future carbon filters

2. additional filters

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21
Q

05 Air Filtration, Part 2 - Particle Filtration:

What size MERV filter is used for outdoor air?

A

MERV 13 or higher

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22
Q

Ambient outdoor PM10 and PM 2.5 levels measured ____ distance from building are measured below WELL standards for ____how long

A

1 mile

95% of all hours throughout demonstration

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23
Q

How often do projects need to provide IWBI with air filtration maintenance records?

A

annually

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24
Q

06 Microbe and Mold Control:

  1. What devices are used, where?
  2. What should be inspected and how often?
A
  1. UVGI - ultraviolet germicidal irradiation;
    on cooling coils and drain pans;
  2. ceilings, walls and floors for discoloration, visible mold, water damage, pooling - quarterly
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25
Q

07 Construction Pollution, Part 1?

A

Duct Protection - they are sealed during construction and vacuumed out prior to installing grills

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26
Q

07 Construction Pollution, Part 2 - Filter Replacement

When are they replaced?

A

If used during construction, all filters replaced Prior to occupancy

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27
Q

What 3 techniques are used to reduce/contain/remove dust during construction?

A
  1. seal doors and windows with temporary barriers
  2. walk-off matts
  3. tools have dust guards/collectors
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28
Q

08 Healthy Entrance - Part 1 walk off mats: Size?

A

width of entrance and 10ft long

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29
Q

09 Cleaning Protocol (for air quality):

Part 1 Cleaning Plan - Which 4 elements must be in the plan?

A
  1. list of high-touch and low-touch surfaces
  2. a schedule
  3. cleaning protocol (covers evaluation, product selection, disinfection, entryway maint., and waste stream) and dated logs
  4. List of approved product seals
30
Q

09 Cleaning Protocol - Cleaning Products

Which standards must products meet and which cleaning guidelines are followed?

A

a) DfE, EcoLogo, Green Seal

b) LEED EBOM v4, Green Seal 42

31
Q

10- Pesticide Management:

a Plan of use must be based on _______ and products used must have a hazard tier ranking of ____.

A

a) San Francisco Environment Code IPM Program

b) Tier 3 (lowest)

32
Q

Atrazine, is a pesticide that may cause what?

A

endocrine disruptor, cardiovascular problems

33
Q

Glyphosate (the active ingredient in ___) may lead to___ and ____.

A

RoundUp
Kidney problems
Reproductive difficulties

34
Q

11 - Fundamental Material Safety - P1 Asbestos and Lead Restriction - What are the limits?

A

No asbestos

100 ppm lead

35
Q

11 - Fundamental Material Safety - P2 Lead Abatement: When does it occur?

A

On buildings constructed prior to banning laws (1970s) in accordance with 40 CFR Part 745

36
Q

11 - Fundamental Material Safety - P3 Asbestos Abatement: How often and using what standard on applicable buildings?

A

inspect every 3 years using NESHAP;

abate (repair, encapsulate, enclose, maintain, remove) with AHERA 40 CFR part 763

37
Q

11 - Fundamental Material Safety - P4 PCB abatement;

when, remove what, according to which standard?

A

buildings between 1950 and banning laws -
PCB containing fluorescent light balasts
EPA Steps to Safe PCB

38
Q

11 - Fundamental Material Safety - P5 Mercury Limitation - which 5 products should be avoided?

A

Mercury containing thermometers, switches, electrical relays, mercury vapor lamps

39
Q

12 - Moisture Management (Last Air Precondition)

What are the 4 ways moisture can enter?

A

bulk water
capillary water
air transported moisture
vapor diffusion

40
Q

Designers must describe how exterior liquid is addressed for which 4 areas of concern -

A
  1. Site Drainage
  2. Local Water Table
  3. Building Penetrations
  4. Porous exterior materials
41
Q

Designers must describe how interior H2O is managed for these 4 areas of concern:

A
  1. plumbing leaks
  2. hard-piped appliances (clothes washers etc.)
  3. Porous interior materials
  4. New building materials wetted during construction
42
Q

Which resource can be used as a reference for Moisture Management?

A

EPA’s “Moisture Control Guidance for Building Design, Construction, and Maintenance”

43
Q

Part 3 and 4 of Feature 12 Moisture management are called:

A

Part 3: Condensation Management

Part 4: Material Selection and Protection

44
Q

Feature 13 - Air Flush:

Once construction is complete, a flush is conducted with indoor air temp of at least ___ degrees and humidity _____

A

59 degrees

below 60%

45
Q

A single stage Air Flush Volume should have a volume of:

A

4,500 m3 outdoor air per m3 of floor area

46
Q

A 2-stage air flush can be done - with a pre-occupancy volume of ____ followed by ____ after occupancy

A

1,066 m3/m2 floor

3,200 m3/m2

47
Q

Feature 14 - Air Infiltration Management:

Air Leakage testing (Envelope Commissioning) is performed _____(when), according to _____(what) and what_____?

A

After substantial completion but Before occupancy,

according to ASHRAE 0-2005 and NIBS 3-2012.

48
Q

Feature 15 - Increased Ventilation:

Buildings must supply fresh air ___% than ASHRAE?

A

30% higher

49
Q

16 - Humidity Control: Ventilation must maintain humidity between ___ and ___.

A

30% to 50%

50
Q

Climates with narrow humidity ranges are encouraged to show that Modeled humidity is ____ for what period of time?

A

modeled as between 30-50%

for 95% of all business hours

51
Q

An increase in Humidity by ___% can lead to formaldehyde off-gassing by ___.

A

35%

factor of 1.8-2.6

52
Q

17 - Direct Source Ventilation:

a) which rooms need to be separated,
b) what are the potential contaminants and
c) what methods of separation can be used?

A

a) cleaning & chemical storage units, bathrooms, printer/copier rooms
b) VOCs, Ozone, mold and mildew (cause asthma and allergies)
c) self-closing doors, exhausting air

53
Q

18 - Air Quality Monitoring

a) which pollutants are measured
b) how often is data collected,
c) who is data sent to, and
d) how often is it transmitted?

A

a) particle count, carbon dioxide, ozone
b) once an hour
c) occupants and IWBI
d) annually

54
Q

18 - Air Quality Monitoring part 2, records:

how long are records kept?

A

min of 3 years

55
Q

Which 3 parameters need to be displayed on the air quality display and how large is the screen?

A
  1. temperature
  2. humidity
  3. Carbon dioxode

15 cm x 13 cm

56
Q

19 - Operable Windows:

what needs to be analyzed before integrating these into a design?

A

local outdoor air quality conditions including:

1) annual prevailing breeze patterns
2) average contaminant levels

57
Q

19 - Operable Windows, Part 2 -

outdoor levels of what 4 parameters are measured, and where

A
  1. ozone
  2. PM10
  3. temp
  4. humidity
    at a data gathering station within 1 mile
58
Q

19, part 3 - Window Operation management -
open windows discouraged when poor air quality exists and should be indicated on smartphones and indicator lights if
a) Ozone exceeds ____ or PM 10 is _____
b) Temp is ___ degrees different than indoor, or
c) humidity is above _____%

A

a) Ozone 51 ppb or PM10 over 50 ug/m3
b) temp 15 degrees +/-
c) humidity over 60%

59
Q

20 - Dedicated Outdoor Air Systems (DOAS) - ASHRAE doesn’t have a standard for them - what should be used instead?

A

a design review by an independent registered Mechanical Engineer

60
Q

21 - Displacement Ventilation:

makes air change more effective by placing vents where and meeting what requirements?

A

a) supply at floor level slightly cooler or warmer than desired temp
b) ASHRAE 55-2013 for comfort for 75% of space

61
Q

22 - Pest Control

all food is stored (where) ___ and all indoor trash cans have a lid and less than 30 gal have ______

A

in sealed containers;

hands-free operation, or under cabinetry in a pull-out drawer

62
Q

23- Advanced Air Purification: Part 1

____ filtration is used to reduce VOCs

A

activated carbon

63
Q

In spaces with more than ____ occupants, ____ is used to sanitize recirculated air.

A

10 regular occupants

UVGI or Photocatalytic oxidation

64
Q

24 - Combustion minimization, Part 3

What should be visible from pick-up/drop off parking areas:

A

No Idling over 30 seconds

65
Q

25 - Toxic Material Reduction, Part 1 - PFCs:

a) What are they and b) what’s the req for furniture or furnishings?

A

a) Perflourinated chemicals/ PFOA - stain repellants, Scotchguard, Goretex, Non-stick cookware.
b) no more than 100ppm in 5% by weight of goods

66
Q

25 - part 2 - Flame Retardants:

Where are they found and what’s the limit?

A

100 ppm; found in -

1) window and waterproof membranes
2) flooring, ceiling tiles, wallpaper
3) piping and electrical cables
4) insulation
5) upholstered furniture, textiles, fabrics

67
Q

Phthalate - Where are they found and what’s the limit?

A

100 ppm;

Plasticizers - DNOP (in PVC) in flooring, window blinds, vinyl shower curtains, plumbing pipes

68
Q

25 - Toxic Material Reduction, Part 5 - Urea Formaldehyde:

Where are they found and what’s the limit?

A

100 ppm;

  1. furniture/composite wood
  2. laminating adhesives
  3. Thermal Insulation
69
Q

26 - Enhanced Material Safety - project completes all imperatives of the Materials Petal in Living Building Challenge; or products are ___% by ____ certified

A

25% by cost are

a) Cradle to Cradle;
b) have no Green Screen Benchmark over 1,000 ppm

70
Q

27 - Antimicrobial Activity for Surfaces;

High touch surfaces are cleaned with ___

A

a UV cleaning device with an output of 4 mW/cm2

71
Q 
28 - Cleanable Environment - 
Materials need to be 
1) smooth and \_\_\_\_\_\_
2) finished to maintain \_\_\_\_\_\_
3) free of sharp internal \_\_\_\_, \_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_.
A

1) free of defects to the naked eye
2) smooth welds and joints
3) angles, corners and crevices

72
Q

29 - Cleaning Equipment:

mops and dusters are made out of ____, and vacuums have____

A

microfiber Denier 1.0

HEPA filters

WELL AP - Practice Exam 03/08/2020 (34 decks)

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