Aggression

Question 1

Define aggression

Answer 1

Intentional behaviour that harms a human being and that is outside the laws or rules of the game

Question 2

What is channelled aggression?

Answer 2

Feelings of aggression are diverted into useful positive actions

Question 3

What is instrumental aggression?

Answer 3

Aggression that harms as a means to achieving another goal

Question 4

What is reactive aggression?

Answer 4

A form of hostile aggression in which there is a conscious attempt to injure another person

Question 5

What is the difference between aggression and assertion?

Answer 5

Assertive behaviour does not attempt to harm and is in within the rules of the game

Question 6

Instict theory of aggression

Answer 6

• Aggressive behaviour is inherited and not learnt
• Aggressive impulses build up and can be damaging if not released and this can occur though aggressive acts in legal and acceptable ways or illegal unacceptable ways
• Catharsis is the release of pent up emotions or feelings of aggression

Question 7

Frustration aggression hypothesis

Answer 7

• Frustration is a psychological state that occurs when satisfaction is made difficult
• Aggression is made more likely if the frustration is unexpected or close to the goal
• Frustrations then leads to aggression
• Aggression can have a cathartic effect which reduces levels of frustration

Question 8

Aggressive cue theory

Answer 8

Obstacles can lead to frustration but doesn’t always lead to aggression
For aggression to actually occur, socially learned cues or certain stimuli must be preset

E.g cues might include encouragement from the coach to act aggressively, seeing role models act aggressively

Certain environmental conditions such as high temperatures can act as stressors and increase aggressino

Question 9

How can aggression be controlled?

Answer 9

• Fines
• Loss of sponsorship
• Rewards for assertive play
• Positive role models
• Sent off pitch
• Mental rehearsal and stress management techniques