Ageing 1 Flashcards
progressive generalised impairment of function leading in a loss of adaptive response to disease
ageing
telomere
TTAGGG - shortens every time a cell replicates - leads to cell senescence
hay flick limit
fragility
loss of homeostasis and reliance
increased vulnerability to decompensation after a stressor event
increased risk of falls, delirium, disability, death
sepsis in older people BP temperature tachycardia what may be a prom feature CRP and WCC fluid balance ABS
drop early often low not high may be absent delirium may not rise may be hard targeted as high risk of CDiff
hallmarks for delirium
acute and fluctuating
inattention
altered level of consciousness
disorganised thinking
treatment - non pharmacological manahegemtn of delirium
environmental glasses hearing aids adequate diet re orientate - clocks, calendars reduce noise
drug rx of delirium haloperidol
low dose 500mcg Orally
max 5mg in 24 hours - wait 30-60min before repeating dose
benzo in delirium
if alcohol or benzo withdrawal / seizure
lorazepam 500mcg
6 month mortality after a hip fracture
20%
central processing and cognition
reduced reactions time
vision
smaller pupils, lens thickening = less light
sarcopenia
age related loss of muscle mass and function
peripheral sensation and proprioception
increased postural sway and poor sensory awareness
reduces level of activity
decreased level of cardiorespiratory fitness
why does cognitive impairment make you fall
judgement
visual-spatial perception
orientation
cervical myelopathy
high stepping gait
rombergs pos
peripheral neuropathy
altered sensation
wide based gait
lumbar stenosis
pain/parasthesia in legs
wide based gait
cerebellar ataxia
wide based gait
cerebellar signs
parkinsons disease
shuffling gait
tremor rigidity bradykinesua
dementia
loss of executive function
impaired risk assessment
anti depressants
psychomotor impairment
imbalance
Ortho hypo
neuroepileptics
sedative
slow reaction
imbalance
ortho hypotension
anti cholinergic
delirium
visual disturbance
ortho hypo
benzo
sedative
slow reaction
imbalance
parkinson meds
ortho hypo
antihistamines
sedative
psychomootr impairment
anti arrthythmics
bradycardia
diuretics
OH
weakness due to hyponatraemia, hypokalaemia
opiates
sedative
slow reaction
delirium
anti epileptics
sedation
evidence base for prevention of falls
strength and balance training - 3times a week fro 3months
timed up and go test
stand from chair
walk 3 metres
turn
walk back and sit down
