Acute care 1 Flashcards
high risk groups for head injury
high risk mechanism
anticoagulant/coagulopathy
alcohol
epilepsy
subdural
tearing of bridging arteries
secondary brain injury
hypoxia hypoperfusion hypovalaemia haematoma increased ICP seizures
temporal herniation stretches what
in the context of increased ICP
oculomotor nerve - ipsilateral pupil dilatation
cushings reflex dangerous when
increased BP
decreased HR ins Response to the increased BP
irreg respirations
signs of a basal skull fracture
external bleeding epistaxis CSF rhinorrhoea/ottorhoea panda eyes mastoiditis (battle sign) subconjunctival haematoma without posterior border
mastoiiddit is what
a late sign
why is it important to maintain normocapnia in head injury px
hypercapnia - vasodilatation - increased ICP
paediatric head injury admit for obs if
on discharge what advice
more than 2 episodes of vom
when asleep wake them up to check normal rousing
DKA protocol to change from IV to SC insulin
eating normally - stop IV insulin 30 mins after their SC insulin has been started
husband doesn’t know what drugs they took and had been depressed
check coag
31 yearly smoker wants contraception but previous arterial disease
POP
saline has how much sodium
chlorine
k
154
154
0
glucose Na
clorine
K
0
0
0
hartmanns
some Na
Ca
K
Cl
adrenaline 1:1000
1g in 1000ml
1% of lidnocaine
100%=100g=100mls
1%=1g=100mls
type of shock in hypothermia
heart attack due to vasoconstriction
CPR how long should you exhale in the rescue breaths
3 seconds
INR over 8
give oral vit K
if bleeding give IV vit K
pelvic fracture mid femur fracture and ink respiratory distress
fat embolism
reversal of BZD - Flumazenil
200mcg over 15 seconds then 100mcg every 1 min if required
