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World History Honors Semester 2 > Age of Exploration > Flashcards

Age of Exploration Flashcards

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1
Q

Why did Europeans begin to explore the wider world during this time period?

A
  • New trade routes (old routes were long,hard, hostile)
  • Wealth through trade
  • Spread Christianity
  • People wanted pepper
  • Water route made faster and safer trade
  • To discover
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2
Q

What new ideas, inventions, or discoveries allowed Europeans to explore farther during this time period

A
  • Astrolab (use constellations to mark where you are
  • Renaissance-> questioning, individualism, new ideas
  • Maps
  • Advanced ships-> Carvel-> sail into the wind
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3
Q

What changes resulted from the explorations at this time

A
  • More accurate maps (Saw that you can go around Africa, America, world is round)
  • New continents
  • Human rights and proper international conduct development
  • Native american population decreased (disease)
  • Enslaved people were transported across the Atlantic (slavery becomes based off of race)
  • Europeans abused Native Americans
  • Trade ideas, etc exchanged
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4
Q

Motivations for Europeans: God

A

-Spread Christianity

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5
Q

Motivations for Europeans: Gold

A

-Wealth

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6
Q

Motivations for Europeans: Glory

A

-Wanted to become famous for discovering new lands and things, did it for their country, fame/wealth

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7
Q

Caravel

A

-Can sail against wind

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8
Q

Astrolabe

A

-Navigation, better determine location at sea

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9
Q

Why was Portugal a leader in exploration: Prince Henry

A
  • Supported exploration
    • Enabled Portugal to become major explorer by founding a navigation school and portugal had very high prices for Asian goods, so they wanted better trade routes
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10
Q

Why was Portugal a leader in exploration: Dias

A

-Reached the tip of Africa, but did not go around and left

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11
Q

Why was Portugal a leader in exploration: Da gama

A

-Went around Africa to India and went around tip of Africa (faster, cheaper, made more money)

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12
Q

What was Spain’s role in exploration

A

-Said yes to Columbus because of rivalry with Portugal

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13
Q

What was Spain’s role in exploration: Colombus

A

-Reached Island in Caribbeans and thought he was in East Indies, convinced Spain to fund plan to find route to Asia by sailing west through Atlantic

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14
Q

Treaty of Tordesillas

A

Spain and Portugal cut Atlantic ocean to keep peace

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15
Q

Compare the Age of Exploration to the Renaissance and the Reformation

A
  • People wanted wealth and to spread Christianity

- New Ideas

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16
Q

Explain the voyages of Columbus: First encounters

A
  • Natives are really friendly-> Columbus friendly at first-> second voyage for conquering and colonizing
  • 1st voyage was for trade routes
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17
Q

Explain the voyages of Columbus: Following explorers

A

-Conquistadors-> conquer and colonize

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18
Q

Examine the Spanish conquests in mexico and Peru: Hernando Cortes

A
  • Landed on the shores of Mexico

- Colonized a lot

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19
Q

Examine the Spanish conquests in mexico and Peru: Cortes conquers the Aztecs

A
  • Aztecs highly advanced
  • At Aztec capital, Tenochtitlan, Montezuma II (emperor) thought Hernando was a god and agreed to give them some gold, but Cotes wasn’t satisfied and killed many and then got driven out and then conquered Aztecs by banding with small tribes that resented the Aztecs and disease wiped out a lot of the population
  • Spaniards lost at first, but then got help from tribes from translator and they went back many Aztecs died of disease
20
Q

Examine the Spanish conquests in mexico and Peru: Pizarro and the Incas

A

-Conquered Incan empire in South Africa

continued, but notfinished on paper

21
Q

Prince Henry: Country from, Date of exploration, Area explored, Significance of exploration

A
  • Prince of Portugal

- Patron of Portuguese exploration

22
Q

Bartholomeu Dias: Country from, Date of exploration, Area explored, Significance of exploration

A
  • From Portugal
  • Found tip of Africa
  • Significance- they knew that you can go around africa
23
Q

Vasco da Gama: Country from, Date of exploration, Area explored, Significance of exploration

A
  • Portuguese
  • Africa/ India
  • Went around Africa to India, found new trade route
24
Q

Christopher Columbus: Country from, Date of exploration, Area explored, Significance of exploration

A
  • Spain
  • 1492 !!!
  • West to Caribbeans
  • The Earth is round, Started European colonization of Americas, new continent discovered
25
Q

Amerigo Vespucci: Country from, Date of exploration, Area explored, Significance of exploration

A
  • Italian, but sailed for Portugal
  • Eastern coast of south america
  • America named after him,. discovered south America ins’t part of Asia, but a new world
26
Q

Vasco Nunez de Balboa: Country from, Date of exploration, Area explored, Significance of exploration

A
  • Spain
  • Panama
  • Claimed pacific for spain
27
Q

Pedro Alvares Cabral: Country from, Date of exploration, Area explored, Significance of exploration

A
  • Portugal
  • Brazil
  • Explored amazon river
28
Q

Ferdinand Magellan

A
  • Spain
  • Philippians, Pacific
  • Spain claimed these lands
29
Q

Review maps

A

Review maps

30
Q

What body of water did Columbus cross and where did he first land

A

Atlantic, Carribeans

31
Q

What did Magellan do

A
  • Sailed around the world to Philippines
  • tip of South America
  • First European to cross the pacific
32
Q

Where did the Renaissance start

A

Italy

33
Q

Who opened a school for navigation and helped organize early voyages. Also, where?

A

-Prince Henry in Portugal

34
Q

What was Dias’ furthest point of exploration?

A

The Cape of Good Hope

35
Q

What country did Da Gama reach

A

India

36
Q

What body of water did Balboa claim for Spain

A

-Pacific

37
Q

What countries were involved in the Treaty of Tordesillas

A

Spain and portugal

38
Q

Where did Magellan die

A

Philippines

39
Q

What area did Vespucci explore? And what area was named in his honor?

A
  • Eastern coast of south America (Brazil)

- North and South America named after him

40
Q

Where did the Vikings sail 500 years before Columbus

A

-Canada/America

41
Q

What river did cabral explore

A

-The Amazon river

42
Q

How did the Native Americans get to America

A

The Bering Strait Bridge

-From Russia

43
Q

Was there any opposition to spanish rule

A
  • Priests spoke out against the harsh rule of the encomieda system and the treatment of the natives
  • Bartholomeu De Las Casas
44
Q

Spanish conquest

A
  • Encomienda system-> harsh, took natives land and forced them to work it. Failure of this system resulted in African Slavery
  • Mestizo-> intermingling-> native american-spanish kids
45
Q

English conquest

A

Kill and take land, don’t do Mestizo

World History Honors Semester 2 (8 decks)

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