Age of Experimentation Flashcards
What concept is closely associated with the birth of experimentalism
Lack of refrigeration
What did Europeans want from Arabs? why did arabs not want to trade with europeans
spices, saw them as lower class. wanted gold in return
What were two significant texts on alchemy?
physica et mystica
the secret of secrets - Razi Al
what were the two goals of alchemy
elixir of life, transmutation
who was the last alchemist? what was his best selling book about? how did he die?
james price, making gold from mercury. Couldn’t make god, pretend to get something and killed himself
What society was James price a member of?
Royal society
What was William gildbert associated with?
his text De magnate
- magnetism - electricity
- repeatable experiments
What was Francis bacon associated with?
new method (experimentalism) to undermine Aristotle - his methodology for establishing facts
What is Bacon’s 5 rules by which laws of nature will be discovered
- repeatable experiments
- reductionism (taking to smalled components possible)
- objectivity
- public witnessing
- scientific publications
What was the Instauratio Magna? who wrote it
Bacon wrote it
- a novel which describes new methodology of how science
What was on the cover of instauration Magna? what did it signifiy
the pillars of Hercules. represents border of ancienct knowledge. Cover implies we must move past pillars and expand our knowledge
What did Giordano Bruno believe in?
heliocentrism
What is millenarianism
world will come to end when we discover the fundamental laws of nature
how was the royal society of London funded. How was the academy of france funded?
privately vs publicly
What were the philosophical transactions of 1665
first journal published by royal society
What are some of newtons greatest accomplishments?
calculus gravity and motion
What year was anno mirabilis? what does this mean
“wonderful year” many great discoveries by newton. calc grav and motion
who was a known nemesis of newton?
Robert hooke
What did Robert hooke ask newton about as part of the royal society? why could newton not publish these subjects?
to publish work, newton could not find notes
what was significant about newtons law?
they were the same regardless of your social status
What was the large feud between hooke and newton regards to? what was the result?
reflective telescope. newton did not publish work until hook did
what was newtons first published book>
principia matematica
What was newtons second published book?
optiks, light is a particle, language of science became English
what is sciene?
standardized method to obtain knowledge
what did experimentation with electricity, vacuum and steam lead to
transportation revolution
