Age of Experimentation

Question 1

What concept is closely associated with the birth of experimentalism

Answer 1

Lack of refrigeration

Question 2

What did Europeans want from Arabs? why did arabs not want to trade with europeans

Answer 2

spices, saw them as lower class. wanted gold in return

Question 3

What were two significant texts on alchemy?

Answer 3

physica et mystica

the secret of secrets - Razi Al

Question 4

what were the two goals of alchemy

Answer 4

elixir of life, transmutation

Question 5

who was the last alchemist? what was his best selling book about? how did he die?

Answer 5

james price, making gold from mercury. Couldn’t make god, pretend to get something and killed himself

Question 6

What society was James price a member of?

Answer 6

Royal society

Question 7

What was William gildbert associated with?

Answer 7

his text De magnate

• magnetism - electricity
• repeatable experiments

Question 8

What was Francis bacon associated with?

Answer 8

new method (experimentalism) to undermine Aristotle
- his methodology for establishing facts

Question 9

What is Bacon’s 5 rules by which laws of nature will be discovered

Answer 9

1. repeatable experiments
2. reductionism (taking to smalled components possible)
3. objectivity
4. public witnessing
5. scientific publications

Question 10

What was the Instauratio Magna? who wrote it

Answer 10

Bacon wrote it

- a novel which describes new methodology of how science

Question 11

What was on the cover of instauration Magna? what did it signifiy

Answer 11

the pillars of Hercules. represents border of ancienct knowledge. Cover implies we must move past pillars and expand our knowledge

Question 12

What did Giordano Bruno believe in?

Answer 12

heliocentrism

Question 13

What is millenarianism

Answer 13

world will come to end when we discover the fundamental laws of nature

Question 14

how was the royal society of London funded. How was the academy of france funded?

Answer 14

privately vs publicly

Question 15

What were the philosophical transactions of 1665

Answer 15

first journal published by royal society

Question 16

What are some of newtons greatest accomplishments?

Answer 16

calculus gravity and motion

Question 17

What year was anno mirabilis? what does this mean

Answer 17

“wonderful year” many great discoveries by newton. calc grav and motion

Question 18

who was a known nemesis of newton?

Answer 18

Robert hooke

Question 19

What did Robert hooke ask newton about as part of the royal society? why could newton not publish these subjects?

Answer 19

to publish work, newton could not find notes

Question 20

what was significant about newtons law?

Answer 20

they were the same regardless of your social status

Question 21

What was the large feud between hooke and newton regards to? what was the result?

Answer 21

reflective telescope. newton did not publish work until hook did

Question 22

what was newtons first published book>

Answer 22

principia matematica

Question 23

What was newtons second published book?

Answer 23

optiks, light is a particle, language of science became English

Question 24

what is sciene?

Answer 24

standardized method to obtain knowledge

Question 25

what did experimentation with electricity, vacuum and steam lead to

Answer 25

transportation revolution