Age Inequality: Functionalism And Disengagement Theory (Consensus Theories)

Question 1

What consensus theories discuss age inequality?

Answer 1

Functionalists: Parsons, Eisenstadt
Disengagement theory: Cummings and Henry

Question 2

What does parsons say?

Answer 2

• Parsons: Age inequality is necessary to challenge social boundaries and to get age groups to eventually conform.

e.g. youths ‘rite of passage’ from being deprived of opportunity and responsibility, to eventually having responsibility.
Elderly must become available as free childcare in order to allow parents to work and keep the economy running and society stable.

Question 3

Who said different age groups learn new roles to solidify society?

Answer 3

Eisenstadt (shown through elderly)

Question 4

Who talked about disengagement theory?

Answer 4

Cummings and Henry

Question 5

What is disengagement theory?

Answer 5

A persons skills is likely to deteriorate so there’s a need for them relieved and retire by being replaced which maintains social stability.

Question 6

How can consensus theories be critiqued?

Answer 6

• Not all old people retire at the same age, and age itself is a social construct meaning it’s different for everyone.
• Views ignore the negative experiences of aging, not all of the elderly can take on the new role of caregiver.
• Also ignores the variety of lifestyles.
• Some youths may not eventually conform like parsons says.