Advanced Neural Transmission

Question 1

What is the resting potential maintained by?

Answer 1

Relative proportion of ions inside the cell and in extra-cellular fluid.
Concentration gradients
Electrostatic gradients
Types of ion channles present within the neuron.

Question 2

What is the resting potenital?

Answer 2

Refers to the difference in electrical charge between the inside and the outside of a cell when it is at rest (aka resting membraine potential). Typically, the inside of a cell is around 10mV compared to the outside.

Question 3

What does it mean to hyperpolarise something?

Answer 3

Make more negative

Question 4

What does it mean to depolarise something?

Answer 4

Make more positive

Question 5

Neurons: what is afferent/efferent?

Answer 5

Relative term referring to where the axon is going from or to.

Question 6

How are the receptors and muscles of the head connected to the brain?

Answer 6

Via 12 pairs of cranial nerves.

Question 7

Graded potentials: how to neurons communicate with eachother?

Answer 7

By changing the elctrical properties of neighbouring neurons. Change the membrane potential.