Adult health Base week 1 - Tropical infections -returned travel

Question 1

Common infections that are seen in North qld

Answer 1

Question 2

Meliodosis, risk factors? Diagnosis? Treatement?

Answer 2

Always culture- before antibitoics (lab diagnosis)

Question 3

Invasive pneumonococcal Disease - Diagnosis? Symptoms? Treatement?

Answer 3

Causes: Pneumonia, meningitis, bacteremia

Lab diagnosis: by culture of blood, sputum, CSF

Pneumococcal urinary antigen

Decreasing prevalance- Due to vaccination program

Question 4

What is MRSA? Types? Diagnosis? Symptoms? Treatment? what is nmMRSA- is it more common here?

Answer 4

Causes: Skin sepsis, osteomyelitis and severe pneumonia, carbuncles

Can occur in kids - bones, more common in aboriginals

Question 5

Group A streptococcal disease- Risk factors, predisposing, diagnosis, Treatment?

Answer 5

• Beta haemolytic streptocci
• 10x more in ATSI
• causes Group A strep/ rheumatic fever/RHD

Question 6

Rheumatic fever/RHD- Incidence, Diagnosis, treatment

PGSN

Answer 6

Question 7

Paediatric pulmonary empyema- Diagnosis? Management?

Answer 7

secondary to pneumococcal or staph

Question 8

Cryptococcis Gatti - Risk factors? Diagnosis? Complications? Treatment?

Answer 8

C-gatti most common in Nrth qld

Causes Pulmonary disease, meningitis, usually

Question 9

Rickettsial disease - Diagnosis, Clinically, Treatment?

–> Qld tick typhus- Ricketssia australis

–> Scrub typhus (orienta tsutsugmush_

Question 10

Helminthic disease - Hookworm, ascaris, strongyloides

Treatment?

Answer 10

Question 11

Soft tissue Mycobacterial infections- Causes? Type of stains? What is it related to? Diagnosis? Management?

Answer 11

• Related to trauama or post surgical wound infection

–> Need tissue biopsy, with zheil nelson stainis,

Management: Excision and or specific antibiotics

Question 12

Marine infections? Common pathogens? Treatment?Who to involve?

Answer 12

Empiric therapy- Amoxicillin/clauv —- then piptaz

Question 13

Brucellosis- Diagnosis? Causes? Risk factors? typical infection site?

Answer 13

–> Exclusively in pig shooters? Abbatoirs?

Transmitted through inhalation

Diagnosis by bloood culture

Question 14

Q fever - Type, Risk factors? What contacts? common in rural areas? Diagnosis? Tx- doxycycline

Answer 14

2-5% will develop pericarditis

tx with doxycyline

Question 15

Syphilis- Symptoms? Diganosis? Syphilis in pregnancy? Stages of syphilis? Who needs to be tested always? (pregnant women)

Answer 15

Treponema pallidum

Usually asymptomatic

Critical importance in pregnancy

Divided into- Primary, secondary and tertiary based upon clinical features

Stage of syphilis and stage of prgnancy most likely to transmit in primary syphilis.

Question 16

Scabies- Diagnosis? Symptoms? Treatment?

Answer 16

Question 17

Leptospirosis- Symptoms? Risk factors? Diagnosis? Serology - MAT?

Answer 17

Question 18

Dengue? Types? Diagnosis? Symptoms? Prevention?

Also- what are flavivirus? Alphaviruses?

Answer 18

• 4 serotypes
• aedes aegypti
• Classicially: Presents with headaches, fever, arthralgia, retroorbital pain, mild hepatitis, thrombocytopenia
• Can be complicated by sudden hypotension and massive fluid shifts due to capillary leakage
• Diagnosis- NS 1 antigen, Dengue IgM, Dengue IgG

Question 19

Malaria- Major species? Where can we get it from?

Answer 19

P. falciparum- most dangerous and common

Diagnosed on blood film: Thin film: Determine type

Thick film: determine quanity of parasite

Imported cases come from: PNG, South east asia, occasionally

Only test malaria- in returned travellors, and take travel history

Management: Lumefantrine/arthemether- combination

Greater than 2% of parasite density indicates severe disease.