Adult Bovine Infectious Disease Flashcards
What is listeriosis caused by? and how does infection occur?
The L. monocytogenes bacteria which is naturally in the environment
Infection by ingestion of low quality silage
What are the different disease forms of listeriosis
- Neurological: head tilt, circling, weakness
- Septicaemic: anorexia, pyrexia, pale mm
- abortion
- mastitis
What is the treatment of listeriosis?
Antibiotics
100-200g bicarb fluids
What are some preventative measures of listeriosis?
Silage quality control
Dont feed food from ground
Good qual silage only
Prevent faeces in food
What bacterium is otitis media/interna caused by?
Pasturella multocidia, mycoplasma bovis, mannhemia haemolytica
What are the clinical signs of otitis media/interna? how is it treated?
BAR and eating, head tilt, ataxia, nystagmus
TX: parenteral ABS > penicillin, oxytetracycline
What is tetanus caused by?
Clostridium tetani
What are the clinical signs of tetanus?
Worried look, pricked ears and tail, stiff, hyper responsive
What is the cause of malignant catarrhal fever? (MCF) and how can it be controlled?
gammaherpesvirus, ALHV-1, OVHV-2
Do not mix cattle and sheep
What is bovine spongiform encephalopathy? (BSE)
Caused by prion > zoonotic and notifiable, hyperaesthesia, recumbency, incoordination
What is foot rot caused by? how is it treated?
F. Necrophorum and D. Nodosus working together
Foot baths and ABS
What is lumpy jaw caused by? How can it be treated?
Caused by actinomyces bovis - part of normal flora, invades when damage to oral cavity
ABS or culling
What are the CS of keratoconjuctivitis? how can it be treated/contolled?
CS: photophobia, lacrimation, blephanospasm
TX: ointments, ABs, enucleation of 3rd eyelid
Control: fly control, isolate animals, good housing
What 3 things together cause respiratory disease in cattle?
Stress (movement, housing, weather)
Virus (IBR, RSV, parainfluenza 3, adeno)
Bacteria (M. haemolytica, P. multocidia, M. bovis)
How can resp dx be controlled?
Biosecurity, minimise stress, vaccination
What is TB caused by? is it zoonotic/notifiable?
Mycobacterium bovis
yes
How can TB be tested?
- SICTT 80% sensitivity, >90% specificity (required annually in ireland)
- GIF test, 90% sensitivity, less specific
What is johne’s disease caused by? what are the CS?
Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis
CS: diarrhoea, weight loss and affects lymph nodes, uterus
What are the 3 stages of disease process with johne’s disease?
- Infected: little shedding
- Infectious: no cs but shedding bacteria
- Affected: showing cs and shedding bacteria
How can johne’s dx be controlled?
Good hygiene, biosecurity, removal of calf from dam, good slurry practice
How does BVD affect unborn calves during gestation?
1M: embryonic death
2-4M: persistent infection
5-9M: normal calf, birth defect or abortion
What are the cs of a persistently infected animal with BVD?
Stunted growth, poor production, shed virus for life, usually dies before the age of 2
What are the cs of salmonellosis and how can it be treated?
CS: diarrhoea which may be mild or acute with pyrexia, abortion between the 5-8 month period
TX: fluids, ABS, NSAIDS
How is salmonellosis spread?
faecal-oral route
What are the cs of leptospirosis?
abortion, milk drop, infertility
