Adrenergics Flashcards
adrenergic agonists and sympathomimetics
Alpha-1 Receptor Agonists MOA
peripheral vasoconstriction to ⬆ BP
Alpha-1 Receptor Agonists used for
Nasal congestion:
- constricts arterioles to ⬇ nasal blood flow
Conjunctival congestion
Open-angle glaucoma
- ⬇ intraocular pressure
- dilate pupils
- ephedrine
- naphazoline
- oxymetazoline
- phenylephrine
- tetrahydrozoline
are all examples of…
Alpha-1 Receptor Agonists
Alpha-2 Receptor Agonists MOA
- stimulating Alpha-2 receptors ↓ sympathetic output
Alpha-2 Receptor Agonists uses
- antihypertensive
- sedative
- ADHD
Alpha-2 Receptor Agonists examples
- clonidine (ADHD)
- tizanidine (muscle relaxer)
Beta-1 Receptor Agonists MOA
- affects heart
- ↑HR and contractility
- kidneys release renin
- positive inotropic, chronotropic, dromotropic
Beta-1 Receptor agonists uses
- cardiac arrest
- acute heart failure
- shock
Beta-1 Receptor agonist example
Dobutamine (↑ cardiac output for heart failure & shock)
Epinephrine MOA
- alpha and beta adrenergic receptors
- bronchial smooth muscle relaxtion
Epinephrine uses
- bronchospasm (during asthma attack)
- wheezing
- dyspnea (during anaphylaxis)
- severe allergic reactions
- cardiac resuscitation
- hypotension in severe shock
- local injection to control superficial bleeding
Epinephrine contraindications
- use in fingers, toes, penis, nose when used with local anesthetic (d/t epi causing vasoconstriction
- narrow-angle glaucoma
- elderly with preexisting CV disease
Norepinephrine (Levophed) MOA
- peripheral vasoconstrictor
- inotropic stimulator of heart
- dilator of coronary arteries (beta-adrenergic)
- doesn’t stimulate beta2-adrenergic receptors of lungs
Norepinephrine (Levophed) uses
- life threatening hypotension and shock
- continuous infusion until low BP is under control
Beta-2 Receptor agonist MOA
- smooth muscle relaxation in lungs, GI, uterus, and liver
Beta-2 Receptor agonist uses
- promote bronchodilation
- asthma
- COPD
- albuterol
- epinephrine
- ephedrine
- formoterol
- levalbuterol
- metaproterenol
- pirbuterol
- salmeterol
are examples of ___________
Beta-2 Receptor agonist examples
Beta-2 Receptor agonist contraindications
- peripheral vascular dz
- Hepatic & renal dz
- Coronary artery dz
- peptic ulcer
- sepsis
Dopamine in low doses
- <5mg/kg/min
- vasodilation in brain, heart, kidney, mesentary
- “renal dose”
Dopamine in higher doses
- <10 mg/kg/min
- stimulate cardiac contractility and output
- beta-1 adrenergic receptor
Dopamine in highest doses
(Symathetic drug, not parasympathetic… sorry)
- > 10 mg/kg/min
- dangerous
- renal vasoconstriction
- alpha-1 adrenergic receptor
