Adrenergic antagonists Flashcards
Alpha and Beta blockers
Beta-1 location
heart
Beta-2 location
lungs
Beta-1 function
⬆HR and cardiac contractibility
Beta-2 function
relaxation of bronchial muscle
Nonselective beta blockers considerations
Effect heart AND lungs
could exacerbate difficulty breathing in COPD and asthma
Beta blocker examples
Atenolol
Bisoprolol
Metroprolol
Nebivolol
Propranolol
(end in -olol)
Beta blockers:
Metroprolol considerations
high alert medication (IV)
withhold for HR < 50 or arrythmia
high doses can also block Beta-2 receptors (cause bronchoconstriction)
Beta blockers:
Propranolol
used for PTSD, alcohol withdrawal, esophageal varices
Continuous ECG monitoring (IV)
may cause SJS
Beta blocker uses
arrythmia
heart failure
angina
heart attack
migrain
tremors
hypertension*
*only as a last resort
Beta blockers:
SE
cold hands/feet
fatigue
weight gain
⬆triglycerides
dizziness
Beta blockers:
AE
⬆blood glucose levels
bradycardia
pulmonary edema
depression
SOB
renal impairment
impotence
Beta blockers:
Education
patients shouldn’t suddenly stop taking beta-blockers
Mnemonics for cardio-selective beta1-blockers
end in -olol
start with A-N
(except for Carvedilol, Labetalol, and Nadolol)
Mnemonics for nonselective beta1 and 2 blockers
end in -olol
start with O-Z in alphabet
(but also C, Na, and L)
Alpha-1 Receptor antagonists MOA
(alpha blockers)
- bind to and inhibit alpha-1 receptors
- inhibit smooth muscle contraction
- ⬇BP
Alpha-1 Receptor antagonists uses
(Tamsulosin)
relaxes muscles in the prostate by ↓ BP to allow urine flow
tx of sx enlarged prostate (BPH):
* difficulty urinating
* dysuria
* frequency and urgency
Selective beta blockers
- inhibit Beta-1 receptors only
Nonselective beta blockers
Inhibit Beta-1 and Beta-2 receptors
Beta blocker effects
chronotropic, etc.
Negative chronotropic
Negative inotropic
Negative dromotropic
Metroprolol MOA
- blocks beta-1 receptors
- ↓ HR and ↓ BP
Metroprolol uses
- high BP
- angina
- early intervention for MI
- heart conditions
- abnormally fast HR
