Adrenal Gland Disorders

Question 1

Zona glomerulosa

Answer 1

Mineralocorticoids

Question 2

Zona Fasciculata

Answer 2

Glucocorticoids

Question 3

Zona Reticularis

Answer 3

Androgens

Question 4

Too much ACTH leads to

Answer 4

Excess of cortisol
Excess testosterone

ACTH Depedent Cushing’s disease

Question 5

ACTH Dependent

Answer 5

ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma (Cushing’s)
CRH secreting hypothalamic tumor
ACTH secreting tumor

Question 6

Too much cortisol leads to

Answer 6

Excess of cortisol

Low ACTH

Question 7

ACTH Independent

Answer 7

Adrenal adenoma

Gland atrophy

Question 8

Exogenous

Answer 8

Majority of Cushing’s Syndrome

Question 9

Cortisols effects on Carb metabolism

Answer 9

Diabetes
Stretch marks
Decrease muscle mass
Osteoporosis
Increased risk of infection

Question 10

Mineralcorticoids effects of cortisol

Answer 10

Hypertension (Increased Na and H20)
Hypokalemia
Edema

Question 11

Cortisol effects on Fat

Answer 11

Obesity
Truncal
Moon Face
Buffalo hump

Question 12

Cushings effects on adrenal cortex

Answer 12

Mental disturbances

Mood swings, depression, psychosis

Question 13

Addison’s Disease MOA

Answer 13

Primary Hypoaldosteronism
No adrenal glands
No aldosterone
No cortisol
No testosterone

Question 14

APS1

Answer 14

Mutation in AIRE

Self-reactive t cells

Question 15

APS2

Answer 15

Mutation within HLA DR3, CTLA4, PTPN22

Lack of self tolerance

Question 16

Addison’s Manifestation MC defiency

Answer 16

Salt craving
Hypotension
Joint pain (hyperkalemia)
Death

Question 17

Addison’s Mannifestation GC Deficiency

Answer 17

Hypoglycemia
Fatigue, weight loss
Stress –> adrenal crisis
Hyperpigmentation

Question 18

Addison’s Sex steroid deficiency leads to

Answer 18

Lack of energy
Dry/itchy skin
Loss of libido

Question 19

Conn’s Disease MOA

Answer 19

Primary hyperaldosteronism
Too much aldosterone
Suppressed Renin-angiotension

Question 20

Conn’s Manifestation

Answer 20

Hypertension
Increased Na/H2O
Hypernatremia (CV, stroke, MI)
Hypokalemia (weakness, visual disturbances)