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BAHS 505 > Adrenal and Thyroid drugs > Flashcards

Adrenal and Thyroid drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Prednisone has what level of anti-inflammatory and salt-retaining activity?

A

Intermediate

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2
Q

Prednisolone is similar to prednisone in that it has what level of anti-inflammatory and salt-retaining activity?

A

Intermediate

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3
Q

Two long-acting anti-inflammatories?

A

Dexamethasone + betamethasone

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4
Q

Describe level of activity of dexamethasone as far as level of anti-inflammatory activity and level of salt-retaining activity are concerned.

A

Maximal anti-inflammatory effect

Minimal salt-retaining effect

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5
Q

How is dexamethasone used to test for Cushings syndrome?

A

It suppresses ACTH secretion from the pituitary gland.

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6
Q

Dexamethasone is used to test for what syndrome by suppressing ACTH secretion from pituitary gland?

A

Cushings syndrome

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7
Q

Dexamethasone is 100% active because it doesn’t bind to:

A

CBG

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8
Q

What percentage of dexamethasone is active in the body?

A

100%

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9
Q

Describe level of activity of betamethasone as far as level of anti-inflammatory activity and level of salt-retaining activity are concerned.

A

Maximal anti-inflammatory effect

Minimal salt-retaining effect

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10
Q

Cortisol is a _______________ that is integral to what type of metabolism?

A

Glucocorticoid; carbohydrate metabolism

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11
Q

Class of cortisol?

A

Glucocorticoid

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12
Q

Duration of cortisol?

A

Short acting

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13
Q

Primary use for cortisol?

A

Treatment of Addison’s disease, where body doesn’t produce enough cortisol (adrenocortical insufficiency)

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14
Q

Cortisol has considerable levels of what kind of activity?

A

Salt-retaining

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15
Q

Class of aldosterone?

A

Mineralocorticoid

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16
Q

Which drug is a mineralocorticoid?

A

Aldosterone

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17
Q

Which drug is a glucocorticoid?

A

Cortisol

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18
Q

What is effect of aminoglutethimide?

A

Inhibits conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone; prevents production of steroids

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19
Q

Aminoglutethiamide prevents conversion of cholesterol to:

A

Pregnenolone

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20
Q

Aminoglutethiamide can be used to treat what syndrome?

A

Cushings syndrome

21
Q

What drug may treat the effects of too much steroid release due to adrenal/pituitary adenomas?

A

Aminoglutethiamide

22
Q

Which drug is an antagonist for mineralocorticoid receptors?

A

Spironolactone

23
Q

Spironalactone is an antagonist for what receptor?

A

Mineralocorticoid receptors

24
Q

What drug treats aldosteronism, such as what is seen with an adrenal adenoma?

A

Spironalactone

25
Q

Which drug is an antagonist for glucocorticoid receptors and progesterone receptors?

A

Mifepristone

26
Q

Mifepristone is an antagonist for which receptors?

A

Glucocorticoid + progesterone receptors

27
Q

Levothyroxine increases level of which thyroid hormone?

A

T4, the “storage hormone”; it is later converted to T3, the “energy hormone”

28
Q

What is the drug of choice to treat hypothyroidism?

A

Levothyroxine

29
Q

Liothyroxine increases level of which thyroid hormone?

A

T3, the “energy hormone”

30
Q

What class of drug is methimazole?

A

Thiourea

31
Q

To treat acute severe hypothyroidism, such as is the case for a patient in a mxyedema coma:

A

Liothyroxine

32
Q

Mxyedema coma is a serious form of what disorder?

A

Hypothyroidism

33
Q

What would liothyroxine treat?

A

Acute severe hypothyroidism; mxyedema coma

34
Q

PTU (propylthiouracil) is what class of drug?

A

Thiourea

35
Q

Name two thiourea drugs:

A

PTU and methimazole

36
Q

PTU treats hyperthyroidism by:

A

preventing conversion of T4 to T3 + preventing peroxidase reactions that cause iodiniation of the thyroid gland

37
Q

Which hyperthyroid treatment has a boxed warning for liver injury?

A

PTU

38
Q

Which drug prevents the iodiniation of the thyroid gland?

A

PTU

39
Q

Which drug prevents conversion of T4 to T3?

A

PTU

40
Q

Methimazole is a:

A

thiourea

41
Q

Iodine or KI solution is useful in treating hyperthyroidism because it:

A

Inhibits thyroid hormone formation and release

42
Q

Which medication, after administering a thiourea, can you give a patient experiencing thyroid storm or prior to a thyroidecetomy?

A

Iodine or KI solution

43
Q

To treat thyroid storm:

A

Iodine or KI solution

44
Q

Why does radioactive iodine treat hyperthyroidsm.

A

It emits beta rays that kill surrounding thyroid cells.

45
Q

In combination with levothyroxine, what medication would you give patients that had severe hyperthyroidism or had a thyroid tumor?

A

Radioactive iodine

46
Q

In case of thyroid tumor, give radioactive iodine in conjunction with:

A

Levothyroxine

47
Q

Mechanism of action for propanolol in treatment of symptoms of thyroid storm?

A

Blocks the activation of SNS and reverses tachycardia

48
Q

If your patient is in thyroid storm, how do you maintain their vital signs?

A

Propanolol will blunt tachycardia and prevent SNS activation

49
Q

For rapid effects, you should use propanolol to treat thyroid storm side effects while using what drugs to treat the actual problem?

A

Iodine

Thiourea drugs

BAHS 505 (9 decks)

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