ADOS & ADIR Flashcards
Can diagnosis of ASD occur across the lifespan?
Yes, diagnosis can occur from age 2 to older adults
Diagnosis is not limited to a specific age range.
What are comorbid conditions in the context of ASD?
Conditions that occur alongside autism, such as:
* Intellectual disability
* Language disorder
Higher support needs in ASD often include these comorbid conditions.
What is the expected average profile for assessing ASD?
to normative group
Using standardized tools that compare performance to a normative group
The comparison group can be challenging to define.
What is the right comparison group for norms in ASD diagnosis?
There is no definitive right comparison group
Groups may vary based on severity and other psychiatric conditions.
In ASD assessment, should we focus on deficits or excesses?
Both, looking for atypical behaviors and absence of normal behaviors
There is also overlap between social and communication difficulties.
What is a key limitation of diagnostic tools for ASD?
They tend to be most accurate for verbal individuals aged 4-12
Tools may not effectively capture symptom presentations in non-verbal individuals.
What is the challenge regarding the reliance on a single tool for diagnosing ASD?
No one tool can diagnose ASD
Multiple measures and sources of information are necessary.
What are the components of effective ASD assessment?
Assessment should involve:
* Multiple measures
* Multiple sources of information
* Multiple settings
* Experienced assessors
This approach ensures comprehensive evaluation.
What was the purpose of the standards and guidelines established in BC for ASD diagnosis?
To provide specific procedures for diagnosis and referral
These were established in response to increasing ASD rates and funding issues.
What is the tiered service model of assessment for ASD?
A triage model consisting of:
* Tier 1: Community concerns and initial referrals
* Tier 2: Specialized assessments (OT, language)
* Tier 3: Formal medical assessments
* Tier 4: Specialized assessments for complex cases
This model helps streamline the assessment process.
Who must be involved in the ASD assessment team for children under age 6?
At least:
* Pediatrician
* Speech-language pathologist
* Psychologist
Occupational therapists are often included but not required.
What specific tools are required for ASD diagnosis?
Only specific published tools can be used for diagnosis
This includes standardized interviews and observations.
What is the role of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS)?
To provide a controlled environment for observing behaviors related to ASD
ADOS has different modules based on age and language proficiency.
What is the reliability of the ADOS tool?
High inter-rater reliability and adequate test-retest reliability
This means different assessors get similar scores.
What are the key components of the psychological assessment in ASD evaluation?
Includes:
* Cognitive testing
* Adaptive behavior testing = how they function independantly - communicatoin, interaction, practical skills
* Mental health assessment
These components help identify other conditions that may be confused with ASD.
True or False: Adults require ADOS/ADIR for ASD assessment.
False
Standards for adults are less stringent, but good practice suggests using these tools.
What is the importance of gathering a detailed history and record review in ASD assessment?
To integrate all previous assessments and identify patterns
This helps ensure a comprehensive understanding of the individual’s development.
What are the specialized measures used in speech-language assessment for ASD?
Includes:
* Language samples
* Standardized measures for vocabulary and comprehension
These assessments help evaluate pragmatic language skills.
What should a mental health assessment rule out in the context of ASD?
Other mental health conditions that may cause similar symptoms
Important conditions to consider include anxiety and depression.
What is a major limitation of autism-specific assessment tools?
Some tools may be problematic and not very accurate
- bc its in a controled environment so kids may not act how they usually do
They can over-elevate scores and may not reflect true behaviors.
Fill in the blank: The ADOS provides a controlled _______ world in which to observe behaviors related to autism spectrum.
social
What is the purpose of the toothbrush task?
To assess if a person can demonstrate how to brush their teeth using gestures and words.
What is being evaluated in a comic strip of 5-6 cards?
The ability to tell a story in sequence and pick up the emotions and gestures of the characters.
True or False: The ADOS 2/3 is a face-valid test.
False