Adomen and GI

Question 1

MCC of liver destruction

Answer 1

alcohol

Question 2

(4) sx of mallory weiss sx

Answer 2

1. coughing
2. tearing esophageal bl vessels
3. hematoemesis
4. palmar rash due to bile salt

Question 3

def in B1 (thiamin) due to alcoholism

Answer 3

wernicke korsakoff

Question 4

transmission:
hep A: __
Hep B:___
Hep C:___

Answer 4

A: fecal/ oral
B: dirty needles and sex
C: bl tranfusion

Question 5

___ is the tumor marker for hepatocellular carcinoma

Answer 5

alpha fetoprotein

Question 6

conjugated vs. unconjugated bilirubin

Answer 6

conjugated: water soluble–> has bound with sugars in the liver
unconjugated: non water soluble–> before reaching the liver

Question 7

Grey Turner sign vs. Cullen sign in pancreatitis

Answer 7

grey turner: bleeding into the flanks

cullen sign: periumbilical ecchymosis

Question 8

___: lab test would show an incr in amylase and lipase

Answer 8

pancreatitis

Question 9

pancreatic CA is usually located at the head or the tail of the pancrease

Answer 9

head

Question 10

PE: dark urine, clay color stool and jaundice

Answer 10

pancreatic CA

Question 11

___: condition of the posterior pituitayr gland which there is insufficient ADH.

CC: polydypsia and polyuria

Answer 11

diabetes insipidus

no polyphagia

Question 12

Pn in LUQ, reflux esophagitis, dyspepsia, made worst after lg meal

Answer 12

hiatal hernia

Question 13

cause of gastric ulcer

___ emesis

Answer 13

H. pylori

“coffee ground emesis”

Question 14

MC type of peptic ulcer

Answer 14

Duodenal ulcer

Question 15

pt complains of pain 2 hours after eating and black/ tarry stool

Answer 15

duodenal ulcer

Question 16

projectile vomit in newborns

Answer 16

pyloric stenosis

Question 17

MC location for gastric carcinoma

Answer 17

lesser curve

Question 18

___ lymph node indicates malignancy in the abdominal cavity

Answer 18

virchow’s Node: left supraclavicular lymph node

involved with gastric CA

Question 19

name the 3 test to dx mono

Answer 19

1. monospot
2. heterophile agglutination
3. paul bunnell

Question 20

downey cells

Answer 20

mononucleosis

Question 21

RLQ pain, chronic diarrhea, and cobblestone appearance

Answer 21

Crohn’s dz (regional ileitis)

Question 22

bloody diarrhea with left sided pain

Answer 22

Ulcervative colitis

Question 23

LLQ pain, chrnic constipation which causes sm. outpuchings within the colon

Answer 23

diverticulitis

Question 24

explain these three adrenal conditions:

1. cushings
2. addison’s
3. pheochromocytoma

Answer 24

1. cushings: hyperadrenalism, hypercortisolism
2. Addison’s dz: hypoadrenalism, hypocortisolism
3. pheochromocytoma: tumor of the adrenal medulla, incr catecholamine production (EXTREME HT)

Question 25

(4) lab studies for nephrolithiasis

Answer 25

incr:
1. BUN
2. uric acid
3. creatinine clearance
4. KUB (xray)

Question 26

Nephrotic sx: ___ cast in urine

acute glomerulonephritis sx: ___ cast in urine

pyelonephritis: __ cast in urine

Answer 26

nephrotic: waxy or fatty

acute glomerulo: RBC

pyelonephritis: WBC

Question 27

___: painful, freq urination with suprapubic and LBP

Answer 27

cystitis

Question 28

direct vs. indirect inguinal hernia

Answer 28

indirect: (MC) passes down the inguinal canal and exits at the external inguinal ring and into scrotum
direct: DOESNT pass ingunial canal –> exits through the external inguinal ring