Adolescent Substance Abuse Flashcards
Early (10-13yo) –> onset for
tobacco, alcohol, inhalants, OTC
Late (15-19yo) –> onset for
narcotics
4 major clinical effects of marijuana
- Stimulation: VSs, appetite, red eye, BP and P
- Sedation: dry mouth, slurred speech, motor, anti-emetic
- Anesthesia: pain relief, memory/judgment loss
- Hallucinogen: euphoria, paranoia
* Any effect that results in the decline in executive/cognitive functions can greatly compromise someone at the workplace, while driving etc.
sudden sniffing death syndrome
after inhalation of methanol, benzene, methylene chloride, toluene
(sensitization of myocardium by solvent to the arrhythmogenic effects of epinephrine and increased sympathetic outflow)
Methamphetamine
sympathomimetic
Stimulation, flight of ideas, insomnia
Hyperthermia
Sweating, Flushed Tachypnea, Tachycardia Hypertension, Seizures
Amphetamines MOA
Receptors: serotonin binding sites, monoaminergic reuptake sites
CNS stimulants (increased energy, psychological euphoria and physical well-being)
*methamphetamine has stronger CNS effect
Amphetamines sx
alertness, anxiety, confusion, delirium, dry mouth, tachycardia, hypertension, tachypnea, jaw clenching, bruxism, reduced appetite, sweating and psychosis
Amphetamine w/d sx
depression, fatigue, sleep problems, increased appetite, headaches and drug cravings
no specific tx, supportive care
Ecstasy (MDMA) MOA
Receptors: 5HT
stimulant/hallucinogen effects
Ecstasy w/d sx
depression, anxiety, panic attacks, sleeplessness, paranoia and delusions
(sim to other stimulant w/d)
tx is supportive
Ecstasy chronic use
damage to 5HT system –> thought and memory deficits
cannabis MOA
activates G protein-linked CB1 and CB2 receptors
- -> stimulation (BP, P, RR, appetite), decreased executive functioning
- -> sedation
- -> anesthesia
- -> hallucinogen
