Adolescent Health Flashcards
What are the WHO age group definitions?
Adolescence = age 10-19
Youth = age 15-24
Young people = age 10-24
What biological developments happen in adolescence?
Puberty, growth, CNS development
What psychological developments occur during adolescence?
Abstract thinking, identity development, morality
How do adolescents develop socially?
Developing autonomy, changing relationships with family and peers
What tool is used to assess development in adolescents?
STEP = Sexual maturation and growth, Thinking, Education/Employment, Peers/Parents
What is the GMC guidance on young people aged from 0-18 years old?
Have a duty to safeguard and protect young people
Need to consider patient’s parents and family but the young person comes first
Should always act in the best interests of the child
What are some signs that a young person is competent?
Understands simple terms and the nature of the proposed treatment, understands the benefits and risks of non-treatment, should be able to retain information
What is the stance of adolescents consenting to procedures on their own in Scotland?
A person under the age of 16 has legal capability to consent to treatment if they are deemed to be competent
What happens if a young person refuses treatment?
In Scotland parents can’t authorise treatment if a competent young person has refused it
Seek legal advice if the refused treatment is in the best wishes of the young person
When can confidentiality be broken?
If the safety of the patient or others are at risk without disclosure
What is HEEADSSS used for?
Framework used to remind doctors of things they may want to ask a young person about
What does HEEADSSS stand for?
Home = home life, relationships
Education/employment = progress at school, financial worries
Eating = weight, body image
Activities = peers, physical activity
Drugs
Sex = sexual activities, orientation, STIs
Suicidality
Safety = risk taking behaviour, criminality
How should a sexual history be taken?
See patient in private environment on their own, avoid making assumptions
What occurs if morbidity is poorly managed in adolescence?
It will almost always carry on into adult life
What are some mental health issues common in adolescence?
Eating disorders, depression, anxiety, psychosis, pre-existing conditions, chronic fatigue, functional disorders