Administration and organization of OT (Lori)

Question 1

Servant Leadership:

Answer 1

Servant first
* Natural feeling that one wants to serve
* Do those served grow as persons?
* Inner drive to serve in a way consistent with ones
own values and ethics
* Focus on building leadership capacity for all,
thereby enhancing sustainable leadership for the
future
* Work with others collaboratively as opposed to
hierarchical structure

Question 2

CHARACTERISTICS OF SERVANT
LEADERS:

Answer 2

• Listening for deeper understanding combined with
  reflection
• Empathy
• Healing
• Awareness
• Persuasion
• Conceptualization
• Foresight (based on past, present and future)
• Stewardship (commitment to serve others)
• Commitment to growth of others
• Building community

Question 3

TRANSACTIONAL LEADERSHIP:

Answer 3

• Pragmatic give and take process
• Do good work, get promoted
• Rewarding those that are high performers
• Viewed as able to deliver outcomes based on
  brokering skills

Question 4

TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP:

Answer 4

• Connecting with staff in a way that heightens
  motivation
• Attending to their needs
• Engaging them as team members
• Perceived by others as a strong role model whom
  others want to emulate
• Deeply respected and trusted
• Inspires team spirit through shared vision
• Listens carefully and provides individualized
  consideration
• Help staff to grow through supportive feedback

Question 5

LEADERSHIP COHERENCE:

Answer 5

• Leadership that is guided by core values that
  influence leadership style
• Leadership behaviors are guided by core values
• What leaders do to sustain their leadership
  reinforces their performance and performance in
  turn reinforces core values

Question 6

LEADERSHIP SUSTAINABILITY AS AN ELEMENT OF LEADERSHIP COHERENCE:

Answer 6

• Leadership sustainability refers to “self care” as a
  means of building capacity at the organizational
  level and expanding leadership influence
• Self Care
• Staying physically fit
• Managing emotions to one’s advantage
• Valuing counsel
• Creating space to maintain clarity and perspective
• Gaining satisfaction on challenges and results of ones work
• Seeking intellectual stimulation
• Welcoming inspiration through a higher power

Question 7

PERSPECTIVES:

Answer 7

1. Management
   * Guiding an organization by planning, organizing, directing
   and controlling
2. Planning
   * Short and long term goals and action plans related to
   organization’s mission
   * Determining resource needs (staffing etc)
3. Organizing
   * Designing work loads
   * Determining lines of authority and communication
   * Developing and managing patterns of coordination

Question 8

PERSPECTIVES CONTINUED:

Answer 8

4. Directing
   * Providing guidance and oversight so that activities are goal-
   oriented and focused on desired outcomes
   * Mentoring and coaching
   * Disciplinary activities
5. Controlling
   * Measuring performance against expectations
   * Guiding staff to overcome obstacles to achieve outcomes
   * Control mechanisms
   * Measure that consistently monitors output – failures may require a
   change to the work process
6. Leadership
   * Creating organizational change that allows individual values,
   vision, and ethics to integrate into the culture of a community in
   order to achieve sustainable change
7. Supervision
   * Control and directing work in a way that promotes improved
   performance and better outcomes
8. Value Based Leadership
   * Values of all individuals create an organization code of standards
   and ethics that enables individuals to make independent decisions
   that align with the organizations values
   * Core values of an organization are used as directing principles that
   shape behavior and actions of members of the organization.

Question 9

Strategic Planning:

Answer 9

• Is used to plan for long term goals and requires
  developing strategies for attainment versus day-to-day
  management used for short term goals
• Time for strategic management is affected by high
  productivity needs
• Guided by mission statement

Question 10

Managing vs Leading:

Answer 10

• Managing
• Set Goal
• Focus on procedures
• Direct and control
• Maintain the status quo
• Maintain existing skills
• Leaders
• Create vision
• Inspire and empower
• Challenge the process
• Lifelong leadership
  development
• Focus on relationships

Question 11

Management + Leadership =

Answer 11

Transformational Leadership

Question 12

Mission Statements:

Answer 12

“The mission is a description, typically concise and carefully
crafted, that defines the basic purpose or focus of the
organization or agency.”

Usually remain stable overtime and address:
* Why organization exists
* What functions they perform
* Primary beneficiaries
* How organization goes about filling function
* Help prioritize work and use of resources

Question 13

Vision:

Answer 13

• The aspiration or ideal state desired of the organization.
• Centennial Vision “We envision that occupational therapy
  is a powerful, widely recognized, science-driven, and
  evidence-base profession with a globally connected and
  diverse workforce meeting society’s occupational needs”
• Vision 2025
• “Occupational therapy maximized health, well-being, and
  quality of life for all people, populations, and communities
  through effective solutions that facilitate participation in
  everyday living” (AOTA 2016)

Question 14

Maryland State Board of OT Practice:

Answer 14

*Licensing authority of Occupational Therapists and Occupational Therapist
Assistants in the State of Maryland.
* Mandated to regulate the practice of Occupational Therapy in Maryland
* The program is 100% special funded. (from licensing fees)
* The Board consists of 7 members appointed by the Governor with the advice
of the Secretary and the Senate.
* 4 members: OT
* 1 member : OTA
* 2 members: represent the public.

Question 15

Requirements for Obtaining a
License:

Answer 15

• GRADUATE FROM AN ACCREDITED OT OR OTA EDUCATIONAL
  PROGRAM.
• COMPLETE YOUR FIELDWORK REQUIREMENTS.
• APPLY FOR AND PASS THE NBCOT® CERTIFICATION
  EXAMINATION.
• APPLY FOR A LICENSE AND PAY A FEE FOR EACH
  STATE/JURISDICTION IN WHICH YOU WISH TO PRACTICE OR
  HOLD A LICENSE.

Question 16

OTA Supervision:

Answer 16

*Direct supervision-face to face, modeling, co-
treating, teaching, instruction
* Indirect-phone, written, electronic

Question 17

Periodic supervision by a licensed OT:

Answer 17

1) once every 10th visit
2) once every 30 day calendar period. Can include meetings, chart reviews, observation of treatment or client report.

Question 18

OTA Role delineation

Answer 18

• selects, implements, and makes modifications to
  therapeutic interventions
• contributes to the modification of the intervention plan
• contributes to the transition or discontinuation plan
• contributes to evaluating the safety and effectiveness
  of OT services
• other things that both OT and OTA does together

Question 19

Strategic Planning:

Answer 19

Strategic planning involves setting goals and developing a strategy to meet those goals

Question 20

Strategic Planning Process:

Answer 20

 1. Mission and vision development / review
 2. SWOT analysis
 3. Strategic scenario development
 4. Scenario selection
 5. Strategic goals formulation and review
 6. Strategies identified
 7. Plan evaluation
 8. Plan review / revision

Question 21

Stakeholders External:

Answer 21

Patients, clients, other service providers, government
agencies, payers, and community members or organizations

Question 22

Stakeholders Internal:

Answer 22

 Employees, administrators and managers, staff members,
and organization’s owners or board of directors

Question 23

SWOT Analysis:

Answer 23

Frequently used process in strategic planning

Question 24

define personal values and beliefs about what
is right or wrong

Answer 24

Morals

Question 25

stresses the social system where these morals are applied.

Answer 25

Ethics

Question 26

has an important moral challenge embedded in it

Answer 26

Ethical issues

Question 27

personal distress that is “felt” when one feels that they do not have options or ability to take appropriate action

Answer 27

Ethical distress

Question 28

when there is more than one option but neither is an acceptable choice

Answer 28

Ethical dilemma

Question 29

AOTA Code of Ethics (7 Principles):

Answer 29

1. Beneficence 2. Nonmaleficence 3. Autonomy 4. Justice 5. Veracity 6. Fidelity

Question 30

Components of a budget:

Question 31

Operational Budget:

Answer 31

* Detailed line item budget for all expenses * Businesses often use a template past on the current year’s activities. * Examine current trends * Project for future trends * Assisted by Finance Department

Question 32

Capital Budget:

Answer 32

* Equipment that costs over $500 * Appreciated and amortized over 3-5 years or life of equipment * Written justification required

Question 33

Indirect vs Direct Costs:

Question 34

Net revenue:

Answer 34

Gross Revenue – Contractual Allowance

Question 35

Gross profit:

Answer 35

Net revenue – direct costs

Question 36

Medicare:

Answer 36

 Is for individuals over 65 years of age, those with long standing disabilities  Managed by federal government  Medicare Part A: Inpatient B: Outpatient C: Managed care (vision, dental, prescription drugs)  D: Prescription drugs  Role of Fiscal Intermediary

Question 37

Medicaid:

Answer 37

 Founded by state government for low income individuals and families  States are increasingly using HMOs to implement programs  Limit number of evaluations allowed a year  Usually preauthorization is required before an evaluation or any treatment can be performed

Question 38

Workmen's Compensation:

Answer 38

 Covers work related injuries  Funding governed by individual states  Case managers approve services and claims for patients  You, as the therapist will have close contact with them  Get preapprovals for all care and equipment  Employers often eager for job restrictions and worksite modifications

Question 39

Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP):

Answer 39

 Coverage for eligible low-income receive OT services  Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1990 (IDEA)  Birth to 3 years old  Reimbursed through Part C preschool grant  Provided in home setting  After 3 years old may qualify for Head Start and then school based programming.

Question 40

Managed Care:

Answer 40

 Preferred Provider Organizations (PPOs)  Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs)  Providers are part of the network  Providers deliver services for a predetermined fee  There are capitation fees which allow recipients to incur charges up to a fixed amount over a fixed time period  This time period is growing ever longer!

Question 41

Gatekeepers to Care:

Answer 41

 That would be the payer  Members choose from a fixed provider list  Treatment outside the provider list costs more  May need to meet deductible  May pay a higher co-pay  Providers must gain entry to the “group”

Question 42

Private Payers:

Answer 42

 Over 200 private insurance companies throughout the US  Is your organization an approved provider?  What services are covered?  Does each therapist need to be credentialed?  What are the details of coverage? Visits, Timeframe, capped dollar amount?  What is the co-payments?  Does client have a co-insurance (meet criteria for all plans)

Question 43

must be necessary to:  improve a patient’s current condition  maintain the patient’s current condition  prevent or slow further deterioration of the patient’s condition

Answer 43

Skilled therapy

Question 44

 once established is generally carried out by the patient alone, with family member, or unskilled personnel (coverage not provided)  skilled if specialized judgment, knowledge and skills are required

Answer 44

Maintenance Program

Question 45

OT Manager Responsibilities:

Answer 45

 Build and maintain a culture of compliance  Prevent compliance problems  Detect compliance problems  Respond to compliance problems

Question 46

Who is responsible for compliance?

Answer 46

OT manager

Question 47

What is required to obtain and renew an OT license in Maryland?

Answer 47

GRADUATE FROM AN ACCREDITED OT OR OTA EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM. * COMPLETE YOUR FIELDWORK REQUIREMENTS. * APPLY FOR AND PASS THE NBCOT® CERTIFICATION EXAMINATION. * APPLY FOR A LICENSE AND PAY A FEE FOR EACH STATE/JURISDICTION IN WHICH YOU WISH TO PRACTICE OR HOLD A LICENSE.

Question 48

Maryland Requirements for Continuing Competency Requirements:

Answer 48

12 contact hours between January 1 and December 31 * Minimum of 8 contact hours related to occupational therapy principles and procedures and a maximum of 4 contact hours through occupational therapy role-related activities.

Question 49

Payment/Documentation for Acute care, Rehab, SNF, and home care:

Question 50

How and under what circumstances can grants be used?

Question 51

How does AOTA support political interest of the profession?

Question 52

What are the resources for new managers or staff when encountering an ethical dilemma?

Question 53

Why is documentation important?

Answer 53

* professional responsibility * legal record * risk management * basis of payment * regulations

Question 54

What is the logic model? Components? what value does it serve?

Question 55

What are the key attributes of good communication?

Question 56

What is included in communication?

Question 57

Examples of marketing and promotional strategies?

Answer 57

* Communication of information to potential consumers through: * Advertising * Sales Promotion * Public Relations * Personal Selling