Additional Notes

Question 1

This is the only optically inactive amino acid, since it has no chiral carbons

Answer 1

Glycine

Question 2

This is the term for an hormone secreted by the duodenum when fatty foods are present. It slows down muscular movement (probably close pyloric sphincter)

It slows _______

Answer 2

Enterogastrone

Peristalsis

Question 3

This is the half equivalence pH value of an AA

Answer 3

pKa

Question 4

This is a division of protozoan, a diverse group of parasites which causes malaria in humans

Answer 4

Sporozoans

Question 5

An a typical antibody, the heavy and light chains are linked by _____ bonds

Answer 5

Sulfide bonds

Question 6

Streptococci can be ____, form chains

Staphylococci form

Answer 6

Virulent

Clusters

Question 7

In purple/green bacteria, in the anaerobic sediments of lakes/ponds, the carry out photosynthesis with ____, ____ or _____ as the electron donor

___ is not a byproduct

Answer 7

H2, H2S, or D

Oxygen

Question 8

What is the pH of lysosome?

Cytosol?

Answer 8

5

7

Question 9

Starch and glycogen are polymers of

Polysaccharides can be linear or

They can have _____ or ______ linkages

Peptides can only be

Answer 9

Alpha Glucose

Branched

Alpha or beta

Linear

Question 10

Nerve gases inhibit _______ and cause death via respiratory paralysis

Answer 10

Acetylcholinesterase

Question 11

Cells of the PCT and DCT are very rich in ______ because of active transport

Answer 11

Mitochondria

Question 12

This is a motor protein, used for movement in 9+2 flagella and cilia; may also be used in chromosomal movement

Answer 12

Dynein

Question 13

Parasite and host population densities relate to eachother how?

Answer 13

They mimic each other

Question 14

This is traumatic cell death

Answer 14

Necrosis

Question 15

These are animals with stomachs of alkaline pH (basic)

They usually have 4 chambers which are capable of digesting….

Answer 15

Ruminants

Cellulose

Question 16

This molecule carries bilirubin (which can be made form the heme of an old RBC) to the liver from the spleen (which removes dead RBCs)

Bilirubin is converted by liver to soluble form that becomes part of ____

Note that both LIVER and SPLEEN are involved in bilirubin.

Answer 16

Albumin

Bile

Question 17

This is resting condition in the life of an insect like hibernation in vertebrates

Answer 17

Diapause

Question 18

This is a technique for separating different molecules by differences in there isoelectric point (pI)

A type of zone electrophoresis, usually performed on _____ in a gel, utilizes the fact that the overall charge on the molecule of interest is a function of the ____ of its surroundings

Where does the moleucle remain static?

Answer 18

Isoelectric Focusing

Proteins

pH

Where the net charge on the molecule is 0

Question 19

This is a nematode, has a fully sequenced genome and is a good way to analyze genetic control of development

Answer 19

C. Elegans

Question 20

This is a fly that is easy to raise in rapid generations, making it easy to mutate and easy to observe those mutations.

Answer 20

D. Melagaster

Question 21

C. Elegans and D. Melagaster are ___ organisms

Answer 21

Model

Question 22

B cells develop in the fetal ____ and _____ and produce ______

T cells are involved in the immune system and develop in the _______

Answer 22

Fetal Liver and Spleen, produce antibodies

Thymus

Question 23

This is when lysosomes recycle old or degraded cell material

Answer 23

Autophagy

Question 24

This is the term describing that genes responsible for antibody synthesis are intentionally mutated, giving lots of variety

Answer 24

Somatic Hypermutation

Question 25

What is Beer’s Law for unknown concentration?

Answer 25

C1/C2 = A1/A2

Look it up!