Adaptations Flashcards
Why do desert animals have a large surface area compared to volume?
IT LETS DESERT ANIMALS LOSE MORE BODY HEAT WHICH HELPS THEM STOP OVERHEATING
Name 2 ways desert animals are efficient with water
THEY LOSE LESS WATER BY PRODUCING SMALL AMOUNTS OF CONCENTRATED URINE
THEY MAKE VERY LITTLE SWEAT
How are desert animals good in hot conditions?
THEY HAVE VERY THIN LAYERS OF BODY FAT AND A THIN COAT TO HELP THEM LOSE BODY HEAT
Why do desert animals sandy colour help them?
GOOD CAMOUFLAGE TO HELP THEM AVOID PREDATORS OR SNEAK UP ON PREY
Why do Arctic animals have a small surface area compared to volume?
TO REDUCE HEAT LOSS
How are Arctic animals well insulated?
THICK LAYER OF BLUBBER FOR INSULATION THIS ALSO ACTS AS AN ENERGY STORE WHEN FOOD IS SCARCE
THICK HAURY COATS WHICH KEEP BODY HEAT IN AND THE GREASY FUR SHEDS WATER (PREVENTS COOLING DUE TO EVAPORATION)
Where do plants lose water vapour?
FROM THE SURFACE OF THEIR LEAVES
Why do cacti have spines instead of leaves?
REDUCE WATER LOSS
What other way have desert plants adapted to reduce water loss?
A SMALL SURFACE AREA COMPARED TO SIZE
Why do some cacti have shallow but extensive roots?
TO ABSORB WATER QUICKLY OVER A LARGE AREA
Why do some cacti have deep roots?
TO ACCESS UNDERGROUND WATER
Some plants and animals are adapted to deter predators. There are various special features used by animals and plants to help protect them against being eaten; what are these?
Give THREE examples
- SOME PLANTS AND ANIMALS HAVE ARMOUR E.G ROSES (THORNS) CACTI (SHARP SPINES) AND TORTOISES (SHELLS)
- SOME PRODUCE POISONS E.G BEES AND POISON IVY
- SOME HAVE WARNING COLOURS E.G WASPS
Some micro organisms (e.g bacteria) are known as extremophiles, what does this mean?
THEY’RE ADAPTED TO LIVE IN SERIOUSLY EXTREME CONDITIONS SUCH AS SUPER HOT VOLCANIC VENTS, IN VERY SALTY LAKES OR AT HIGH PRESSURE ON THE SEA BED
How do organisms survive in many different environments?
BECAUSE THEY HAVE ADAPTED TO THEM
