Acute MI (Acute Coronary Syndrome)

Question 1

Initiating factor in developing AMI?

Answer 1

Atherosclerotic plaque

Question 2

How does the clotting cascade affect AMI progression?

Answer 2

1. Sudden rupture of atherosclerotic plaque (plaque is very unstable) 2. Clotting cascade is triggered 3. Artery is partially or completely blocked 4. The heart is deprived of oxygenated blood

Question 3

3 most contributing factors increasing the risk of AMI?

Answer 3

1. Hypertension 2. Hypercholesterolemia 3. Smoking; Others - heart disease, CAD, previous MI

Question 4

What does ECG look like with STEMI?

Answer 4

Elevated baseline

Question 5

What does STEMI stand for?

Answer 5

ST segment elevation myocardial infarction; type of heart attack determined by ECG

Question 6

What are the drugs used for AMI?

Answer 6

MONA

Question 7

What does MONA stand for?

Answer 7

Morphine, O2, Nitro, Aspirin

Question 8

What electrolytes are most important with the heart?

Answer 8

Ca, K, & Mg

Question 9

What happens if Ca, K, & Mg are depleted from the heart?

Answer 9

Further decrease in heart contractility & pumping

Question 10

What does Angiotensin II cause?

Answer 10

Potent vasoconsriction + NA&H20 retention = increased overall workload

Question 11

What happens with continued ischemia?

Answer 11

Muscle cells react to & release NE to facilitate stored fat & glycogen release