Acute gastrointestinal bleed Flashcards
Meds RFs for GI bleed
- NSAIDs
- steroids
- anticoagulants
A syndrome characterised by tearing of the mucus membrane at the gastroesophageal junction which leads to upper GI bleed
Mallor Weiss syndrome
A syndrome characterised by pigmented lesions that has a high risk of progressing into cancer that can cause a lower GI bleed
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
GI bleed symptoms local to abdomen
- abdo pain
- haematemesis
- melena
- haematochezia
HD instability symptoms of GI bleeding
- fatigue
- confused
- tachycardia
- hypotension
What does the Rockall score measure
Risk of bleeding & overall mortality after endoscopy
In a Glasgow-Blatchford score, what score places patients at higher risk and therefore needing a medical intervention
> 0
Why is it important to check haemoglobin when a GI bleed is suspected
Anaemia
Explain the raised urea in GI bleed
Urea one of components of blood breakdown —> absorbed by GIT
The source of bleeding can be found with
Endoscopy
Most usual tx for GI bleed
Self limiting
Why would you advise a patient with upper GI bleed to nil by mouth
Undergo endoscopy
Tx of oesophageal variceal veins
Band ligation
Tx of gastric variceal veins
Cyanoacrylate
What 2 meds would u give prophylactically in GI bleed
- BS Abx
- terlipressin
Management for non-variceal veins GI bleed
- endoscopy
- thermal coagulation
- fibrin
- thrombin
Why is adrenaline administered in non-variceal veins GI bleed
Vasoconstriction
When is angiography with embolisation performed in non-varcieal veins GI bleed
Rebleed & unstable
ABATED in managing acute upper GI bleeds
- ABCDE approach
- Bloods
- Access (2 large bore cannulas)
- Transfuse
- Endoscopy - within 24 hrs
- Drugs - stop RFs
med given as prophylaxis in GI bleed
non-cardioselective beta blockers
Abx prescribed in acute variceal bleed
ceftriaxone
in terms of GI bleeding, high levels of urea indicate
upper GI bleed
AIMS65 score is used to calculate … by taking into consideration (3)
- in-hospital mortality in patients with upper GI bleed
- albumin levels, coagulation results, and degree of altered mental status
when is Glasgow-Blatchford used
BEFORE endoscopy
