Active Transport

Question 1

What is active transport

Answer 1

The movement of particles against a concentration gradient (from an area of lower concentration to high concentration) using energy released during respiration

Question 2

What is active transport the opposite of

Answer 2

Diffusion

Question 3

Give an example of where active transport is used

Answer 3

It is used in the digestive system when there is a low concentration of nutrients in the gut, but a higher concentration of nutrients in the blood

Question 4

Why is active transport important in preventing starvation

Answer 4

It allows nutrients or be taken into the blood, despite the fact the concentration gradient is the wrong way.

Question 5

What does active transport need to work

Answer 5

Energy from respiration

Question 6

What are the rates of diffusion, osmosis and active transport affected by

Answer 6

• surface area to volume ratio
• temperature
• concentration gradient

Question 7

How does the surface are to volume ratio have an affect

Answer 7

The rate of diffusion, osmosis and active transport is higher in cells with a larger surface area to volume ratio. The smaller the cube, the larger surface area or volume ratio and this means substances will move into and out of the cube faster

Question 8

How does temperature have an affect

Answer 8

As the particles in a substance get warmer they have more energy, so they move faster.

Question 9

How does Concentration gradient have an effect

Answer 9

Substances move in and out of cells faster if there’s a bigger difference in concentration between the inside and outside of the cell. (This does not affect affect active transport though)