Acronyms Flashcards
what are the symptoms of Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic purpura
FAT RN
Fever Anemia (microangiopathic hemolytic) Thrombocytopenia Renal failure Neurological symptoms
Middle three are classic triad of HUS
What are the causes of DIC
STOP Making Thrombi
Sepsis (gram negative) Trauma Obstetric complications acute Pancreatitis Malignancy Transfusion
what is the translocation in Burkitt Lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and Follicular lymphoma
B22M25DF32
Burkitt lymphoma= 8;14 (c-myc)
Mantle cell lymphoma= 11;14 (cyclin D)
Diffuse large B-Cell lymphoma and follicular lymphoma = 14;18 (bcl-2)
14= IgG
what is the presentation of multiple myeloma
CRAB
hyperCalcemia
Renal insufficiency
Anemia
Bone lytic lesion/Back pain
what are the DNA viruses and which ones are linear, circular, naked, and enveloped
0–1–1–0-1-0-1
H-H-A-P-P-P-Py
0= circular genome and 1=linear genome
middle four starting at 2nd 1 are naked.
H - 0 = hepadnavirus, circular H - 1 = herpesviruses, linear A - 1 = adenovirus, linear, naked P - 0 = papillomavirus, circular, naked P - 1 = parvovirus, linear, naked P - 0 = polyomavirus, circular, naked P - 1 = poxvirus, linear
note parvo and poxvirus (the linear Ps) are exceptions to rules:
Parvovirus=is the only single stranded
Pox=not icosahedral, doesn’t replicate in nucleus
What are the positive ssRNA viruses that have icosahedral capsid
I went to the RETRO TOGA party, where I drank FLAVored CORONA and ate REheated HEPpy CALIfornia CORN
Retrovirus Togavirus Flavivirus Coronavirus Reovirus Hepevirus Calicivirus Picornavirus
Note all ssRNA positive except Reoviridae (naked) which is dsRNA
last 3 in mnemonic are also naked
what are the live attenuated vaccines
“Live! Right now! See small yellow chickens get vaccinated by Sabin with MMR! Its Incredible!”
-Rotavirus
-smallpox
-yellow fever
-chickenpox (VZV)
-Sabin’s polio virus
-MMR (can be given to HIV+ patients who show no signs of immunodeficiency
Intranasal Influenza
what are the killed vaccines
“Always RIP “
- HAV
- Rabies
- Influenza (injection)
- Polio (Salk)
what is the Tzank test for
“Tzank heavens I do not have Herpes”
HSV1, HSV2, VZV–>usually for genital lesions
what are the picornaviruses (enteroviruses)
PERCH
Poliovirus
Echovirus–aseptic meningitis in the summer
Rhinovirus–common cole (not fecal-oral)
Coxsackievirus–aseptic meningitis and hand, foot, and mouth disease
HAV
what are the 5 C’s of measles (rubeola) paramyxovirus
Cough Coryza (runny nose) Conjunctivitis C(K)police spots Complete rash (both on limbs and core--unlike rubella which is just core)
what are the symptoms of mumps
mumps makes you parotid glands and testes as big as POM-poms
Parotitis
Orchitis
aseptic Meningitis
What are the negative single stranded RNA viruses that have a helical capsid
Always Bring Polymerase Or Fail Replication
Arenavirus Bunyaviruses Paramyxoviruses Orthomyxoviruses Filoviruses Rhabdoviruses
what are the yeast fungi and what do they look like
think of a mad fashionable scientist collecting ancient germs
“CAN DIMORPHIC GERM TUBES be purchased in that PNEU (new) SILVER DISK color so that I may go to the SABOURAUD INDIA CAPSULAR CRYPTS in style?!”
Candida albicans–Dimorphic, germ tubes
Pneumocystis jirovecii–silver stain, disk shaped
Cryptococcus neoformans–sabouraud agar, stains with india ink, large capsule
what are the serious mold infections and what do they look like
A (has an Acute angle) vs W (has a Wide angle)
Aspergillus fumigatus–septate hyphae with acute (45 degree angles)
Mucor and Rhizopus species(m flipped upside down = W)–broad hyphae, branching at wide angles
