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step 1 > acronyms > Flashcards

acronyms Flashcards

1
Q

what are the infections or toxins that we give passive antibody for right after we are exposed to them

A

To Be Healed Rapidly

Tetanus toxin
Botulinum toxin
HBV
Rabies virus

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2
Q

what are the live attenuated vaccines that usually provide lifelong immunity

A

ATTENtion! Please Vaccinate Young Infants with MMR Regularly

Attenuated vaccine
Polio (Sabin, oral)
Varicella
Yellow fever
Intranasal Influenza
Measles
Mumps
Rubella
Rotavirus
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3
Q

what are the causes of eosinophilia

A

CANADA P

Collagen vascular disease (PAN, Dermatomyositis)
Atopic disease
Neoplasm
Adrenal Insufficiency (addisons Dx)
Drugs (NSAIDS, penicillins, cephalosporins)
Acute interstitial nephritis
parasites (strongyloides, ascaris)

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4
Q

what is one function of cytokines 1-6

A

HOT T-BONE stEAK

IL1=fever
IL2=T cell stimulation
IL3=stimulation of bone marrow
IL4=IGE
IL5=IGA
IL6=stimulation of aKute phase proteins
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5
Q

what bacteria are stained with giemsa

A

Certain Bugs Really Try my Patience

Chlamydia
Borrelia
Rickettsiae
Trypanosomes
Plasmodium
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6
Q

what are the important points of the B and T cell immunodeficiency Ataxia Telangiectasia

A

ATAXIA

Ataxia
Telangiectasia
AFP (increased)
X-ray sensitivity (defect in ATM increases double stranded breaks)
IGA deficiency
Acute leukemia and Lymphoma
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7
Q

what are the deep nuclei of the cerebellum from medial to lateral

A

Fat Gerbals Exercise Daily

Fastigial
Globose
Emboliform
Dentate

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8
Q

what is the song to remember the nerve roots that supply the various reflexes

A

S1,2 buckle my shoe
L3,4 kick the door
C5,6 pick up sticks
C7, 8 lay them straight

L1,2 testicles move
S3,4 winks galore

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9
Q

where do the cranial nerves exit the skull

A 
COS3ROSI2J3H (said: cosine cubed rosi squared j cubed h)
I: Cribriform plate
II: Optic foramen
III, IV, V1: Superior orbital fissure
V2: foramen Rotundum
V3: foramen Ovale
VI: Superior orbital fissure
VII,VIII: Internal auditory meatus
IX, X, XI: Jugular foramen
XII: Hypoglossal canal
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10
Q

what are the cranial nerves

A

Oh Oh Oh To Touch And Feel (a) Virgin Girl’s Vagina And Hymen

Olfactory, Optic, Oculomotor, Trochlear, Trigeminal, Abducent, Facial,
Vestibulocochlear (formerly Auditory), Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, Accessory, Hypoglossal

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11
Q

what are the retroperitoneal structures

A

A DUCK PEAR

Adrenal glands
Duodenum
Ureters
Colon
Kidneys
Pancreas
Esophagus
Aorta (and IVC)
Rectum
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12
Q

what are the obligate anaraerobes

A

anaerobes Can’t Breath Air

Clostridium
Bacteroides
Actinomyces

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13
Q

what are the obligate aerobes

A

Nagging Pests Must Breath

Nocardia
Psuedomonas aeruginosa
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Bacilis species

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14
Q

what are the most common causes of bowel obstruction?

A

ABCs

Adhesions (previous surgery adhesions)
Bulge (hernia that his incarcerated or strangulated)
Cancer (most commonly metastatic Colon cancer)

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15
Q

what are the symptoms of carcinoid syndrome

A

Big (bulging tumor in belly) FDR

Bronchospasm (asthmatic wheezing)
Flushing
Diarrhea (recurrent)
Right sided valvular disease

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16
Q

what is the APC pathway of colon cancer genetic development

A

AK-53

loss of APC gene
K-ras mutation
Loss of p-53

17
Q

causes of Acute pancreatitis

A

SHHH! AGE

Sulfa drugs
HIV drugs
Hypercalcemia (i.e. parathyroidism)
Hypertrigliceridemia

Alcohol
Gallstones
ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram)

18
Q

is ALT or AST higher in alcoholic hepatitis

A

A Scotch and Tonic

AST is higher> ALT by 2x ratio

19
Q

what structures pierce the diaphragm

A

I Ate Ten Eggs At Twelve

T8-IVC
T10-Esophagus, vagus
T12-Aorta, thoracic duct, azygous vein

at “T-1-2 its the Red (aorta), White (thoracic duct), and Blue (azygous vein)

20
Q

Huntington’s disease

A

The C’s of Huntingtons

CAG repeats on chromosome Cuatro (4)
Cuarenta (presents in 40s)
Cognitive decline
Chorea
Caudate nucleus

CAG
Cuadate nucleus loses Acetylcholine and Gaba

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