acronyms

Question 1

what are the essential amino acids

Answer 1

ME, VAL, and LEUCI ISOLated HIS PHENdish LYS (lice) in THRE TRYs

Question 2

what are the amino acids that can’t be degraded in maple syrup disease

Answer 2

I LoVe Maple Syrup

Isoleucine
Leucine
Valine

Question 3

what are the coagulation factors who synthesis is dependent on vitamin K

Answer 3

diSCo started in 1972

proteins C and S
factors x, ix, vii, and ii

Question 4

what are the symptoms of pellagra (B3/niacin deficiency)

Answer 4

3 Ds

Dermatitis, Dementia, and Diarrhea

Question 5

what enzymes is vitamin B1 (thiamine) a cofactor for

Answer 5

ATP

Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
Transketolase
pyruvate dehydrogenase

Question 6

what does a deficiency in B1 cause

Answer 6

Ber1 Ber1

Beri beri:
dry=polyneuritis, muscle wasting (nerves)
Wet=dilated cardiomyopathy (heart)

Question 7

what are the 2 C’s of Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) deficiency

Answer 7

Cheilosis and Corneal vascularization

Question 8

what is B5 (pantothenate) a essential component of

Answer 8

“pantothena becomes COA” it rhymes

essential component of coenzyme A

Question 9

what is a unique SE of B6 (pyridoxine) deficiency

Answer 9

“low on B6 and your body flicks”

Deficiency can cause convulsions

Question 10

What does vitamin B7 (biotin) do

Answer 10

“Buy-a-tin of CO2”

cofactor for carboxylation reactions (enzymes with carboxylase in their name)

Question 11

what can cause a B7 (biotin) deficiency

Answer 11

BIOtin

eggs are a BIOlogical product and the avidin in egg whites can bind eggs readily–think weight lifters

Question 12

what are the two B vitamins used in redox reactions

Answer 12

“2 and 3 give hydrogen to me”

B2 (riboflavin)=part of FAD and FMN
B3 (niacin)=part of NAD+ and NADP+

Question 13

what is the mutation in prothrombin gene mutation hyper coagulability

Answer 13

“Beverly hills 90210”

G20210A mutation–>G to A=Guanosine to adenosine

Question 14

what clotting factors are deficient in hemophilia A and B

Answer 14

A= eight (their beginnings rhyme)

B=9 (benign)

Question 15

what are the diseases that can cause target cells to appear on a peripheral smear

Answer 15

THAL

thallasemia
hemoglobin C disease
Asplenia
Liver disease

Question 16

where does hematopoiesis take place in fetal development

Answer 16

Young Liver Synthesizes Blood

Yolk sac (3-8 weeks)
Liver (6 weeks-birth)
Spleen (10-28 weeks)
Bone marrow (18 to adult)

Question 17

what are the 6 Ps of acute intermittent porphyria

Answer 17

defect in Porphobilinogen deaminase
Painful abdomen
Port Wine urine (dark colored)
Polyneuropathy
Psychological disturbances (heme precursors are neurotoxic)
Precipitated by drugs (barbiduates, seizure drugs, Rifampin, Metoclopramide)

Question 18

what is the the way to remember porphyria cutanea tarda

Answer 18

PORphyria–>think of a Poor Hairy homeless IV Drug using Alcoholic with Blistering skin lesions and having Pissed himself

Hypertrichosis (hair growth)
associated with Alcoholics and Hep C
sx=Blistering cutaneous lesion
enzyme deficient=Uroporphyrinogen and tea colored Urine

Question 19

what are the symptoms of lead poisoning

Answer 19

LEAD

Lead lines (dark blue lines on gums or hyperluscent lines on metaphysis of bones)
Encephalopathy
Abdominal colic and Anemia
Drops–foot and wrist

Question 20

what are the tumors that can secrete erythropoietin and raise the hematocrit

Answer 20

Potentially Really High Hematocrit

Pheocromocytoma
Renal Cell Carcinoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Hemangioblastoma