Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Flashcards
The major structural protein (core) of the HIV-1 virus is:
a. gp41
b. p24
c. gp34
d. gp140
b. p24
The infectious process of AIDS begins when the gp120
protein on the viral envelope bends to the protein
receptor, _______, on the surface of a target cell.
a. CD8
b. CD4
c. p24
d. p26
b. CD4
HIV can infect all of the following cells except:
a. CD4+ subset of lymphocytes
b. Macrophages
c. Monocytes
d. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
d. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
The most rapidly growing segment of the HIV-infected
population is:
a. Homosexual males
b. Lesbians
c. Health care workers
d. IV drug users and their sexual partners
d. IV drug users and their sexual partners
In HIV infections, a window period of seronegativity
extends from the time of initial infection up to:
a. 2 weeks
b. 2 to 6 weeks or longer
c. 6 to 12 weeks or longer
d. 4 to 8 months or longer
c. 6 to 12 weeks or longer
HIV antibodies are usually detected by (6)
___________ and confirmed by (7) ___________.
Possible answers for question 6:
a. Latex agglutination
b. Enzyme immunoassay
c. Enzyme inhibition
d. Radioimmunoassay
Possible answers for question 7:
a. Southern blot
b. Northern blot
c. Western blot
d. DNA hybridization
- b
- c
The AIDS-causing virus HIV has also been referred to as:
a. Human T-lymphotropic virus type III
b. HTLV-III
c. Lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV )
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
HTLV-III was unique when it was isolated because it:
a. Is a bovine infectious retrovirus
b. Is a canine infectious retrovirus
c. Was identified as the cause of AIDS
d. Is a DNA containing virus
c. Was identified as the cause of AIDS
Fill in the blanks in the following table with the
correct letter, choosing from the following answers:
a. Codes for p24 and for proteins such as p17, p9, and
p7
b. Codes for two glycoproteins, gp41 and gp120
c. Produces DNA polymerase; produces endonuclease
Viral Genome Structural Components
Component Product
pol 10. _______
gag 11. _______
env 12. _______
- c
- a
- b
Arrange the HIV-1 life cycle events in proper order.
13. _______ a. Reverse transcriptase converts viral
RNA into proviral DNA.
14. _______ b. New virus particles are produced as the result of normal cellular activities of
transcription and translation.
15. _______ c. New particles bud from the cell membrane.
16. _______ d. Virus attaches to CD4 membrane
receptor and sheds its protein coat,
exposing its RNA core.
17. _______ e. Proviral DNA is integrated into the
genome (genetic complement of cell).
- d
- a
- e
- b
- c
The criteria for HIV infection for persons 13 years of age
or older include:
a. Repeatedly reactive screening test for HIV antibody
b. Specific HIV antibody identified by use of supple-
mental tests
c. Direct identification of the virus
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
After the early period of primary HIV infection, the
patient enters a period of clinical latency that lasts a
median of _______ years.
a. 5
b. 10
c. 15
d. 20
b. 10
As AIDS progresses, the quantity of _______ diminishes
and the risk of opportunistic infection increases.
a. HIV antigen
b. HIV antibody
c. CD4+ T lymphocytes
d. CD8+ T lymphocytes
c. CD4+ T lymphocyte
The clinical symptoms of the later phase of AIDS are:
a. Weight loss and decreased polymorphonuclear
leukocyte (PMN) cells
b. Extreme weight loss and fever
c. Multiple secondary (opportunistic) infections
d. Both b and c
d. Both b and c
The most frequent malignancy observed in AIDS
patients is:
a. Pneumocystis jiroveci (P. carinii)
b. Kaposi’s sarcoma
c. Toxoplasmosis
d. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
b. Kaposi’s sarcoma
Sources of error in the Western blot test include:
a. Concentration of HIV antigen
b. Presence of other infectious agents
c. Technical skill and experience of the technologist
performing the test
d. Age of the blood specimen
c. Technical skill and experience of the technologist
performing the test
All the following methods have been developed to detect
HIV-1 antigen except:
a. Transcriptase method
b. Synthetic peptide approach
c. Immunofluorescence assay
d. Immunohistochemical staining
b. Synthetic peptide approach
All the following methods have been developed to detect
the presence of HIV-1 viral gene except:
a. Radioimmunoassay
b. In situ hybridization
c. Southern blot analysis
d. DNA amplification
a. Radioimmunoassay
