Acne Vulgaris (2) Flashcards
What occurs here?
→ What is the structure and function of this unit?
What is its pathophysiology?
Why does acne exacerbated during puberty?
→ Therefore, what tends to improve it?
➊ Blockage and Chronic inflammation, +/- localised infection, in a pilosebaceous unit
→ Contains the hair follicles and sebaceous glands (produce natural skin oils and waxy substance, called sebum)
➋ Increased production of sebum, which traps keratin (dead skin cells) and block the pilosebaceous unit – This leads to swelling and inflammation of the unit = Comedone
➌ Androgens cause hyperplasia of sebaceous glands → increased sebum production
→ Anti-androgenic hormonal contraception
Management:
What are the 1st line options?
What are the 2nd line options?
What is 3rd line?
➊ • Topical retinoid +/- benzoyl peroxide
• Topical tretinoin + abx
➋ • Same as mild-moderate
• Topical azelaic acid + abx
‣ COCP can be used instead of Abx in women
➌ Oral retinoid
Isotretanoin:
How does it work?
What is important to know about this medication?
What are some side-effects?
➊ Reduces inflammation, sebum production, and bacterial growth
➋ Strongly teratogenic
➌ Dry skin and lips, Photosensitivity of skin, Depression, Anxiety, SJS, TEN
