acids and bases quiz Flashcards
acid
H+ donor
increase hydronium concentration
bases
H+ acceptor
increase hydroxide concentration
neutralization
When an acid and a base are mixed, they can react to form water and an ionic compound.
what can acids and bases do to each other
acid and bases neutralize each other
bronsted-lowry def.
Brønsted and Lowry realized that acids and bases do not need water to react, and some bases do not have hydroxide. Therefore, they defined acids in terms of how they behave in a reaction. They thought that acids and bases worked in pairs.
conjugate base
The conjugate base of an acid is the acid minus H+
conjugate acid
The conjugate acid of a base is the base plus H+
polyprotic acids and bases
A polyprotic acid is an acid that can donate more than one H+ (proton). A monoprotic acid can only donate one H+. A diprotic acid can donate 2 protons, a triprotic acid 3 protons, etc. A polyprotic base is a base that can accept more than one H+.
a strong acid
gives lots of H+
A strong acid is one with Keq > 1
* essentially all of the acid reacts with water to form H3O+
weak acid
Gives little H+
A weak acid is one with Keq < 1
NH3 is __________(can act as an acid or base)
amphoteric
autoionization of water
.Not only is water amphoteric (it can act as either an acid or a base), but it also reacts with itself in an autoionization reaction.
describe pH
The lower the pH (Hydrogen power), the more acidic the solution is. The higher the pH, the more basic a solution is. That is, low pH means a lot of H+, and high pH means a lot of OH-.
how do you find the pH of acids
pH = -log [H+]
[something] = molarity of something [H+] = molarity of H+ in the solution
how do you find the the pH of a base
pH= 14+log[OH-]
