Acids and Bases Flashcards
Anything which donates hydroxide when dissolved in water
Arrhenius (BASES)
Anything which donates a proton when dissolved in water
Bronsted-Lowry (ACIDS)
Anything which donates an H+ ion when dissolved in water
Arrhenius (ACIDS)
Anything which accepts a proton when dissolved in water
Bronsted-Lowry (BASES)
Acids increase _____
Hydronium concentration
[H30+]
Bases increase ______
hydroxide concentration
[OH-]
Amphoteric
Acts as an acid or a base (like water)
H2O = H+ + OH-
[OH-]=[H3O+], same number, neutral
Strong vs Weak
Strong- dissociate 100%, all break apart
Weak- dissociate less than 100%, dont all break apart
How to know if a reaction is neutralization vs dissociation
Neutralization- Water is produced, Double Displacement
Dissociation- Water is a reactant, Reversible (Conjugate acid and bas)
What happens when a strong acid and base are added together?
they begin to cancel each other out. Equal number of moles will make the solution reach neutral
Titration
slow addition of one solution of a known concentration to a known volume of another solution of unknown concentration until the reaction reaches neutralization, which is often indicated by a color change
if both acids and base are strong, then
they separate equally to neutralize
if one base is strong and an acid is weak, then
less strong base to neutralize a weak acid
For a base, gaining the H+ is the same as ____
losing the OH-
Acid reacts with water, it forms a ____
conjugate base
Base dissociates completely in water is known as a ____
strong base
In an acid, a ______ can be transferred to water
proton
During the process _______, a compound breaks into ions when added to water
dissociation
A substance that increases the concentration of hydronium ions as compared to hydroxide ions when it dissolves in water is said to be _______
an acid
combination of a water molecule and a hydrogen ion is a ___________ ion
hydronium
An acid that ionizes only to a slight degree (not 100%) is a _____
weak acid
A conjugate acid is a _____ of a dissociation reaction which acts as an acid when the reaction run in ________
product, reverse
